The behavioral phenomenon of extinction resembles the decrease of a conditioned behavior when animals experience the presentation of a previously reinforced stimulus. In honeybees, extinction is studied in an appetitive learning paradigm, the olfactory conditioning of the proboscis extension response. Here, I describe recent work on extinction in honeybees (Apis mellifera) and its underlying molecular mechanisms. I demonstrate that extinction in honeybees shares behavioral and molecular similarities with extinction in vertebrates, and I discuss whether these similarities might indicate that extinction is a phylogenetically old mechanism.
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Dou, L., E. Bertrand, C. Cerini, V. Faure, J. Sampol, R. Vanholder, Y. Berland, P. Brunet. ... A. Timberlake, B. Sumpio, R. Pfragner, I. M. Modlin, M. Kidd.
Chendrasekhar A, Moorman DW, Timberlake GA. An evaluation of the effects of ... Chittiboina P, Wylen E, Ogden A, et al. Traumatic spondylolisthesis of the ...
Hartmann LC, Radisky DC, Frost MH, et al. Understanding the premalignant potential of ... D'Alfonso TM, Wang K, Chiu YL, et al. Pathologic upgrade rates on ...
Stensland, J., Speedie, S., Ideker, M., House, J., & Thompson, T. (1999). The relative cost of outpatient ... Deal, J. L. (1987). Appraisal and diagnosis of ...
1 2 Howard, S. and Johnson, B. (2000) Resilient and Non-resilient Behaviour in ... 4 De Haan, L., Hawley, D. and Deal, J. (2002) 'Operationalizing family ...
... are not fluent in the language/s of the medical care provider.72 Research ... Anglo-Americans have traditionally placed a great deal of emphasis on the ...
This practical guide thoroughly discusses both well-established and new interventions that are applied to the spine for the purpose of pain relief.
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