How does citizen activism win changes in national policy? Which factors help to make myriad efforts by diverse actors add up to reform? What is needed to overcome setbacks, and to consolidate the smaller victories? These questions need answers. Aid agencies have invested heavily in supporting civil society organizations as change agents in fledgling and established democracies alike. Evidence gathered by donors, NGOs and academics demonstrates how advocacy and campaigning can reconfigure power relations and transform governance structures at the local and global levels. In the rush to go global or stay local, however, the national policy sphere was recently neglected. Today, there is growing recognition of the key role of champions of change inside national governments, and the potential of their engagement with citizen activists outside. These advances demand a better understanding of how national and local actors can combine approaches to simultaneously work the levers of change, and how their successes relate to actors and institutions at the international level. This book brings together eight studies of successful cases of citizen activism for national policy changes in South Africa, Morocco, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Turkey, India and the Philippines. They detail the dynamics and strategies that have led to the introduction, change or effective implementation of policies responding to a range of rights deficits. Drawing on influential social science theory about how political and social change occurs, the book brings new empirical insights to bear on it, both challenging and enriching current understandings.
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At the local level , some NUT associations supported the appointment of headmasters to mixed junior and infant schools.96 The Kent NUT branch requested the Kent Education Committee in 1933 to ensure that vacant headships should go to ...
Take , for example , the Comp - Lab modules , a self - paced workbook series with audiotapes that had enjoyed some popularity in writing centers before computers ( see Epes 1979 ; Epes , Kirkpatrick , and Southwell 1983 ; Baker and ...
Describes the practice and benefits of using students as teachers. Explores different types of peer teaching, strategies for academic planning, specific peer groups, evaluation studies, and the psychological merits of peer teaching.
After reading about the fundamental skills and techniques of counseling in the text, you can access complementary role plays, skill demonstrations, and process stages ... to see the same essential principles in action. -Back cover.
The book also provides suggestions for how the federal government can best support high-quality scientific research in education.
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A Handbook for Faculty Development