Liberalism is the political philosophy of equal persons - yet liberalism has denied equality to those it saw as sub-persons. Liberalism is the creed of fairness - yet liberalism has been complicit with European imperialism and African slavery. Liberalism is the classic ideology of Enlightenment and political transparency - yet liberalism has cast a dark veil over its actual racist past and present. In sum, liberalism's promise of equal rights has historically been denied to blacks and other people of color. In Black Rights/White Wrongs: The Critique of Racial Liberalism, political philosopher Charles Mills challenges mainstream accounts that ignore this history and its current legacy in self-conceivedly liberal polities today. Mills argues that rather than bracket as an anomaly the role of racism in the development of liberal theory, we should see it as shaping that theory in fundamental ways. As feminists have urged us to see the dominant form of liberalism as a patriarchal liberalism, so too Mills suggests we should see it as a racialized liberalism. It is unsurprising, then, if contemporary liberalism has yet to deliver on the recognition of black rights and the correction of white wrongs. These essays look at racial liberalism, past and present: "white ignorance" as a guilty ignoring of social reality that facilitates white racial domination; Immanuel Kant's role as the most important liberal theorist of both personhood and sub-personhood; the centrality of racial exploitation in the United States; and the evasion of white supremacy in John Rawls's "ideal theory" framing of social justice and in the work of most other contemporary white political philosophers. Nonetheless, Mills still believes that a deracialized liberalism is both possible and desirable. He concludes by calling on progressives to "Occupy liberalism!" and develop accordingly a radical liberalism aimed at achieving racial justice.
The Racial Contract puts classic Western social contract theory, deadpan, to extraordinary radical use.
(Oxford: Heinemann, 1989), 141; cited in Hord and Lee, I Am Because We Are, 8. 22. Lewis R. Gordon, Fanon and the Crisis of European Man: An Essay on Philosophy and the Human Sciences (New York: Routledge, 1995), 9-10, 24, 39. 23.
The essays examine abstract political theory (Marxism, critical race theory, liberal social contract theory) while also focusing on specific Caribbean ideas, issues and events, such as M.G. Smith's plural society thesis. portrayals of the ...
U-QOvIBdW2A. Freeman, Samuel. Justice and the Social Contract. New york: Oxford University Press, 2007. Friedman, david. The Machinery of Freedom. New york: Harper and Row, 1973. Friedman, Milton. “The Methodology of Positive economics.
Civil Rights and Social Wrongs: Black-White Relations Since World War II
"In this classic work of feminist political thought, Iris Marion Young challenges the prevailing reduction of social justice to distributive justice.
This volume further reveals how Du Bois's work challenges and revises contemporary political theory, providing commentary on the author's strengths and limitations as a theorist for the twenty-first century.
The CBC members who voted in favor of the estate tax repeal on April 13,2005, were Sheila Jackson-Lee, Sanford Bishop, ... See Isaac Hayes, “Bumpy's Lament” (Shaft, Stax 1971); Dr. Dre featuring Hittman, Kurupt, Nate Dogg and Six-Two, ...
In this in-depth exploration, DiAngelo examines how white fragility develops, how it protects racial inequality, and what we can do to engage more constructively.
In From Class to Race, Charles Mills maps the theoretical route that brought him to the innovative conceptual framework outlined in his academic bestseller The Racial Contract (1997).