This book goes behind the success story of the Federal Republic of Germany since the Second World War to examine the principles underpinning the so-called 'economic miracle'. West Germany's Economics Minister, Ludwig Erhard, maintained that his Social Market Economy worked because it consisted of sound economic principles applied with common sense and consistency. It was a serious attempt to harness the dynamic forces of free-market competition while avoiding the damaging social problems created by unfettered laissez-faire. A. J. Nicholls examines the intellectual origins and history of the concept of the Social Market Economy, and its implementation in the difficult years of post-war devastation and recovery in West Germany. He traces the struggle of liberal economists to assert their ideas in the unfavourable circumstances from 1933 to 1948, when they triumphed with Erhard's implementation of a policy of liberalization following currency reform. The book analyses the extent to which West Germany's economic success was due to Erhard's policies, and assesses his attempts to attain the goals of the social market up to 1963, when he became Federal Chancellor. The Social Market Economy remains the official policy of the Federal Republic today, and must face up to new challenges in the former German Democratic Republic. A. J. Nicholls's study makes an important contribution to our understanding of the historical dynamics of the German economy and the political culture of the Federal Republic.
指数, 107 ;威斯蒂德, P . :和杰文斯, 10,120-123 ;早年在伦敦, 118 ;和数学, 119,131 ;和比顿, 119 ;和肖, 125-126 ;和青年经济学会, 130 ;和门格尔, 131 ;论尺度, 131-133 ;和“边际的”一词, 134 ;论个人比较效用, 135-136 ;和边际效用, 135-136 ;论劳动 ...
Presents the text of the German Socialist's classic work on the structure of primitive society and early civilization
A History of United States Trade and Monetary Policy William J. Gill. The press played the successful supply ... Douglas MacArthur had sprung his amphibious end run around the Communist lines with the surprise landing at Inchon .
In Encylopedia of U.S. Foreign Relations , Volume 2 , edited by Bruce W. Jentleson and Thomas G. Paterson . New York : Oxford University Press , 1997 . Coombs , Herbert C. “ The Keynesian Crusade . ” Postwar Reconstruction Seminar ...
Mallon , Florencia E. 1994 The Promise and Dilemma of Subaltern Studies : Perspectives from Latin American History . The American Historical Review , vol . 99 , no . 5 , pp . 1491-1515 . Washington . Mandel , Ernest 1989 Beyond ...
Edward Sienkiewicz , a Polish clothing manufacturer living in Portland , Maine , felt an obligation to help Poland's Jewish community in any way he could after the devastation brought to that country during World War II .
George Moore, 4 Smith, Page, 312 Snow, Edward Rowe, 300 Social Gospel movement, 77, 114 Social Register, 146 Sousa, john Philip, 35, 38 South African Republic, 89 South Omaha Stoclzrnan, 157 Spain Ambassador Dupuy de Lome, 96—9, ...
... 214, 235, 273, 332, 382. 383 firms, 208. 209. 213, 215, 217, 219, 228. 235, 237. 289. 333, 354, 355 first generation. 272, 273, 274, 278, 280 fiscal deficit. 86. 288, 337, 355, 356 fiscal policy. 26. 144. 336. 351. 356. 357 fishing.
(英)罗杰·巴克豪斯著;晏智杰译. 到。因此,俄林不像凯恩斯那样把转账问题看得那么严重 ... 对国际汇率论进行了最广泛讨论的智杰译文集是卡塞尔,他是“购买力平价”这个术语的提出者。这个理论最早的表述是现代经济分析史最简单的:“假定 A 和 B两 ...
这些都是亲人眼中的圣物,每个人都清楚其中蕴涵着无与伦比的情感。 ... 除了这些让家人珍爱的圣物,还有一些纪念品也是让人们无法割舍的:被人们所欣赏以及崇高美德神圣化的东西,比如一本莎士比亚(Shakespeare)亲手签名的蒙田文集;保存在安特卫普的一把椅子, ...