The Employment Revolution: Young American Women in the 1970s

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The young American women of the 1970s were a generation caught in between the ideas of their mothers which embraced hearth and home and new goals of liberation and equality in society and the workplace. They became a pioneering generation, staking out new and open social territory. If they did not reach the promise of equality, they have made life easier for those who would follow. If many remained home-bound because of social pressures and others became career-bound because of economic necessity, theirs was still the first generation that truly internalized the goal of liberation."The Employment Revolution "reports on data taken from the National Longitudinal Surveys, which followed a nationally representative sample of 5,000 females who were 14-24 years of age in 1968 over the course of the ensuing decade. During this ten-year span, each of the individuals was reinterviewed eight times as the cohort passed through the cycles of education, marriage, divorce, childbearing and -rearing, working, and/or beginning a career. These multiple interviews followed the actual events closely and thereby gave the researchers an accurate account of expectations and experiences, not clouded by hindsight.The courses of two other cohorts are also followed, for comparative and control purposes: a mother-daughter sample and a brother-sister sample. The cross-generational and cross-sex differences in attitudes and achievements relating to educational attainments, work goals, and career orientations form the basis for the book's conclusions about the gains that the young women of the 1970s have made relative to the previous generation of women, and how far they had yet to go to catch up with the men in their age group.Frank L. Mott is Associate Project Director, Center for Human Resource Research, The Ohio State University. He was a co-author of "Work and Retirement," a recently published study of men also based on National Longitudinal Surveys data.

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