This volume offers a full account of the December 1989 revolution that toppled the Communist dictatorship of Nicolae Ceausescu in Romania. Based on the author's personal investigation and interviews, extensive screening of the Romanian and international press, and critical examination of sources and interpretations, it offers a full and objective analysis of a complex, often puzzling series of events. Nestor Ratesh explores the economic, social, and human disaster that led to the uprising, and then chronicles the seven days of the revolution from its inception in the western city of Timisoara to its climax in Bucharest on December 22, 1989, when Ceausescu fled the city. The bloody and confused aftermath is examined from different angles, with surprising details and telling portraits of the main players, some of whom the author knows personally.
Ratesh skeptically scrutinizes the revelations, hints, and rumors of conspiracies that reportedly either caused the revolution--or hijacked it. Evidence available so far points toward a genuinely spontaneous popular uprising during which large segments of the army and secret police slowly realized that the fall of the regime was imminent. They first blinked, then searched for ways to save themselves--forcing Ceausescu to flee and bringing into power both new and old politicians who represented change to the masses but maintained relative stability in the power structure. The paradox that an essentially anti-Communist revolution would produce a regime controlled by former Communists has dominated most of the developments since then. The book concludes by examining the ensuing months of dislocation and commotion. Clearly the December revolution remains unfulfilled, entangled in a myriad of contradictions, obstacles, intrigues, lies, rivalries, ineptitude, and plain wrongdoing.
Rich in titles on English life and social history, this collection spans the world as it was known to eighteenth-century historians and explorers.
This book offers a profoundly different vision of Russia under Nicholas I. Drawing on an extensive array of sources, it reveals that many of modern Russia's most distinctive and outstanding features can be traced back to an inconspicuous ...
In this dramatic account of the last days of peace in 1939, Richard Overy re-creates hour by hour the unfolding story in the capitals of Europe as politicians and the public braced themselves for a war that they feared might spell the end ...
Merje Kuus, 'Europe's Eastern Expansion and the Reinscription of Otherness in EastCentral Europe', Progress in Human Geography, 28/4 (2004), 477. Kuus, Geopolitics Reframed, 55. Samuel Huntington's The Clash of Civilizations was very ...
"1910 stands out as a model of interdisciplinary and comparative study.
Rausch , Wilhelm : Österreichs erster GeSiehe auch : Wadowski , Andelin in : SPKP . Warszawa , Łódź 1972. S. 746 . schäftsträger in Warschau nach der 1772 erfolgten Arbeiter , Bildungs- und Unabhängigkeitsaktivist , Abgeord- ersten ...
Describes the life, achievements, rise to power, and influences of the military leader who crowned himself Emperor of the French and established dominance over Europe.
DETALLE Y DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAMINAS LÁMINA I. Grabado representando la figura de Francisco Manuel de Melo . LÁMINA II . Portadilla a “ Historia de los movimientos , separación y guerra de Cataluña en tiempo de Felipe IV , escrita por D.
Pero - Kenan's beloved karate coach - showed up at his door with an AK-47 - screaming: "You have one hour to leave or be killed!" Kenan's only crime: he was Muslim.
This authoritative reference book looks at the process by which Spain extended its influence throughout the modern world. It provides more than 1,200 brief descriptive essays covering colonies, individuals, political...