This reference defines the rapidly emerging interdisciplinary field of literature and science. An introductory essay traces the history of the field, its growing reputation, and the current state of research. Broad in scope, the volume covers world literature from its beginnings to the present day and illuminates the role of science in literature and literary studies. This volume includes over 650 A-Z entries on: topics and themes, significant writers and scientists, key works, and important theories and methodologies.