A 2019 NPR Staff Pick How the blinding of Sergeant Isaac Woodard changed the course of America’s civil rights history On February 12, 1946, Sergeant Isaac Woodard, a returning, decorated African American veteran, was removed from a Greyhound bus in Batesburg, South Carolina, after he challenged the bus driver’s disrespectful treatment of him. Woodard, in uniform, was arrested by the local police chief, Lynwood Shull, and beaten and blinded while in custody. President Harry Truman was outraged by the incident. He established the first presidential commission on civil rights and his Justice Department filed criminal charges against Shull. In July 1948, following his commission’s recommendation, Truman ordered an end to segregation in the U.S. armed forces. An all-white South Carolina jury acquitted Shull, but the presiding judge, J. Waties Waring, was conscience-stricken by the failure of the court system to do justice by the soldier. Waring described the trial as his “baptism of fire,” and began issuing major civil rights decisions from his Charleston courtroom, including his 1951 dissent in Briggs v. Elliott declaring public school segregation per se unconstitutional. Three years later, the Supreme Court adopted Waring’s language and reasoning in Brown v. Board of Education. Richard Gergel’s Unexampled Courage details the impact of the blinding of Sergeant Woodard on the racial awakening of President Truman and Judge Waring, and traces their influential roles in changing the course of America’s civil rights history.
When Truman assumed the presidency on April 12, 1945, Michael R. Gardner points out, Washington, DC, in many ways resembled Cape Town, South Africa, under apartheid rule circa 1985.
The first full-scale, balanced account of President Truman's civil rights policies, tracing how the Missourian outgrew the bigotry of his Jackson County upbringing to become the president who integrated the military and lobbied for key ...
Hoffman, Edwin D. “The Genesis of the Modern Movement for Equal Rights in South Carolina, 1930–1939. ... Jackson, John P., Jr. Science for Segregation: Race, Law, and the Case against Brown v. Board of Education.
This is the story of Judge J. Waties Waring, his incredible life and the country he changed"--Description from publisher
Woodard stepped out ofthe bus and into the hot night, where he met Chief Linwood Shull and Officer Elliot Long. They asked him what seemed to be causing the trouble aboard this Greyhound coach and be- gan to beat him as soon as he began ...
With stories of sit-ins, movements and the integration of state universities, this is the first comprehensive history of South Carolina's civil rights struggles.
Civil Rights Queen captures the story of a remarkable American life, a figure who remade law and inspired the imaginations of African Americans across the country.
See Kerner Commission report Harwood, Richard, 398, 400, 412, 444 Hatcher, Richard, 424 Hayes, Matthew, 139 Hays, ... 39, 69, 75, 113, 115, 116, 184, 215, 284; law and order policies, effect of, 272; MLK's near- death attack in (1958), ...
Ultimately, it’s the stories of others living all along the roads of America that carry this journey and sing out in a hopeful, heartfelt book about how a life is made, and how our nation defines itself on the most human level.
Examines the myriad consequences of World War II for racial attitudes and the presidential response to civil rights.