As the human population grows from seven billion toward an inevitable nine or 10 billion, the demands on the limited supply of soils will grow and intensify. Soils are essential for the sustenance of almost all plants and animals, including humans, but soils are virtually infinitely variable. Clays are the most reactive and interactive inorganic compounds in soils. Clays in soils often differ from pure clay minerals of geological origin. They provide a template for most of the reactive organic matter in soils. They directly affect plant nutrients, soil temperature and pH, aggregate sizes and strength, porosity and water-holding capacities. This book aims to help improve predictions of important properties of soils through a modern understanding of their highly reactive clay minerals as they are formed and occur in soils worldwide. It examines how clays occur in soils and the role of soil clays in disparate applications including plant nutrition, soil structure, and water-holding capacity, soil quality, soil shrinkage and swelling, carbon sequestration, pollution control and remediation, medicine, forensic investigation, and deciphering human and environmental histories. Features: Provides information on the conditions that lead to the formation of clay minerals in soils Distinguishes soil clays and types of clay minerals Describes clay mineral structures and their origins Describes occurrences and associations of clays in soil Details roles of clays in applications of soils Heavily illustrated with photos, diagrams, and electron micrographs Includes user-friendly description of a new method of identification To know soil clays is to enable their use toward achieving improvements in the management of soils for enhancing their performance in one or more of their three main functions of enabling plant growth, regulating water flow to plants, and buffering environmental changes. This book provides an easily-read and extensively-illustrated description of the nature, formation, identification, occurrence and associations, measurement, reactivities, and applications of clays in soils.
Here is a comprehensive and up to-do-date presentation of the origins, and properties of clay minerals at the Earth ́s surface.
There are now more than 170 titles in this series, and their remarkable popularity reflects the common desire of country and city dwellers alike to cultivate personal independence in everyday life.
Of huge relevance in a number of fields, this is a survey of the different processes of soil clay mineral formation and the consequences of these processes concerning the soil ecosystem, especially plant and mineral.
Wilson, M. J. 1966. The weathering of biotite in some Aberdeenshire soils. Mineral. Mag. 35:1080–1093. Wilson, M. J. 1970. A study of weathering in a soil derived from biotite-hornblende rock. Clay Miner. 8:29:1–303. Wilson, M. J. 1975.
show the importance of organic matter, and hence aggregate structure, in the overall resistance of soil to compaction. ... Yet another effect of the organic – clay aggregation is that of maintaining soil clays in place.
... structure, 10: 368 Lovering, T. S. (with Anna O. Shepard): Hydrothermal argillic alteration on the Helen claim, East Tintic district, ... (with Jack H. Kolaian): Thermodynamic properties of water in suspensions of montmorillonite, ...
The second volume will deal with environmental interaction. Going from soils to sediments to diagenesis and hydrothermal alteration, the book covers the whole spectrum of clays.
The final chapter presents the results of a mineralogical analysis of soil clays involving vermiculite-chlorite-kaolinite differentiation. This book will appeal to geologists, geochemists, and mineralogists.
A more random orientation of clays at the surfaces of the MC aggregates, which gives these clays a 'fluffy' appearance, may be caused by rapid flocculation or deflocculation chemical conditions within this soil. Clays appear to be more ...
Clays and Clay Minerals documents the proceedings of the 14th National Conference in Berkeley, California. This book focuses on the structure and quantitative analysis, surface reactivity, genesis, and synthesis of clays and clay minerals.