Ranked societies are characterized by disparities in personal status that are often accompanied by the concentration of power and authority in the hands of a few dominant individuals. They stand between the sophistication of developed, states and the relative simplicity of most hunter-gatherer groups and early agriculturalists. In some places and times they represented relatively brief phases of transition to more complex forms of organization; in others they existed as stable forms of adaptation for thousands of years. They are thus of great interest for archaeologists seeking to understand the dynamics of cultural evolution.
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Shennan, Stephen 1982 Exchange and ranking: The role of amber in the earlier Bronze Age of Europe. In Ranking, resource, and exchange: Aspects of the archaeology of early European society, edited by C. Renfrew and S. Shennan, 33–45.
Allen Lane, London, Pidoplichko, I. G. (1969). Upper Palaeolithic Mammoth Bone Dwellings in the Ukraine (in Russian). Mukova dumka, Ukraine. Piggott, S. (1938). The early Bronze Age in Wessex, Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 4, ...
Shennan, S., 1982, Exchange and Ranking: The Role of Amber in the Early Bronze Age of Europe. In Ranking, Resource, and Exchange (ed. C. Renfrew and S. Shennan). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 33–45.
Lambert , Joseph B. , Jane M. Weydert , Sloan R. Williams , and Jane E. Buikstra 1990 Comparison of Methods for the Removal of ... Lee - Thorp , Julia A. , Judith C. Sealy , and Nikolaas J. van der Merwe 1989 Stable Carbon Isotope Ratio ...
A detailed, person—byperson analysis of the variety of European Continental influences which have contributed to modern archaeological thinking, however, would lie outside the scope of this discussion. Whereas the practice of field ...
Gledhill, J. and Larsen, M. 1982. The Polyani paradigm and a dynamic analysis of archaic states, in A.C.Renfrew, M.Rowlands and B.Seagraves (eds) Theory and Explanation in Archaeology. New York, Academic Press. Godelier, M. 1972.
Alice's personal ranking values after receiving context information from Bob Resource Rank B 0.295982 Resource Rank Resource Rank G 0.260644 J ... In our example, we considered there is only one user Alice exchanges context with.
( 1982b ) ' Socio - economic change in ranked societies ' , in C. Renfrew and S. J. Shennan ( eds ) Ranking , Resource and Exchange : Aspects of the Archaeology of Early European Society , Cambridge ...
Hodder , I. 1982 The identification and interpretation of ranking in prehistory : a contextual perspective . In : C. Renfrew and S. Shennan ( eds . ) , Ranking , resource and exchange . Cambridge : 150-154 .