In this in-depth look at major league sports, Eric Leifer traces the growth and development of major leagues in baseball, football, basketball, and hockey, and predicts fundamental changes as the majors pursue international expansion. He shows how every past expansion of sports publics has been accompanied by significant changes in the way sporting competition is organized. With each reorganization, the majors have created teams closer in ability, bringing repetition to competition across time, only to expand and energize the public's search for differences between teams and for events that disrupt the repetitive flow. "The phenomenal success of league sports," Leifer writes, "rests on their ability to manufacture inequalities for fans to latch on to without jeopardizing the equalities that draw fans in." Leifer supports his theory with historical detail and statistical analysis. He examines the special concerns of league organizers in pursuing competitive balance and presents a detailed analysis of how large-city domination has been undermined in the modern era of Major League Baseball. Using games from the four major league sports, he then shows how fans can themselves affect the course of competition. In NFL football, for example, fans account for nearly all of the persisting inequality in team performance. The possibility of sustaining inequality among equals emerges from the cross-pressures that fans and leagues place on competition. With substantial data in hand, Leifer asks the essential question facing the leagues today: how can they sustain a situation that depends entirely on simultaneous equality and contention, one in which fan involvement may evaporate as soon as one team dominates? His answer has significant implications for the future of major league sports, both nationally and internationally.
A guide to major league sports facilities in cities throughout the United States offers ticket and transportation tips for stadiums and arenas hosting baseball, football, basketball, and hockey teams.
Get the business casebook that scores on all levels! THE BUSINESS OF SPORTS: CASES AND TEXT ON STRATEGY AND MANAGEMENT shows you how off-the-field business interests change the dynamics of play.
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From the financing of mega-stadiums to player strikes to the sponsorship of events by alcohol and tobacco companies, this set covers the spectrum of topics and issues relating to the management and promotion of organized sports--one of the ...
UTQI is a highly statistically significant determinant of sporting performance with better goodness of fit than the alternative APC specification although still subject to significant residual heteroscedasticity .
Discusses the history of money in sports, how professional athletes have come to earn sizeable salaries, and the role of advertising.
Have there always been professional athletes who earn huge salaries? What is the role of advertising in sport? Exciting and varied case studies are used throughout this book to illustrate issues and concepts.
This shift away from traditional theory is reflected in this modern text as it uses sports statistics and real-world narratives to walk students through how conclusions are reached in recent research.
Every general manager needs to buy this book to save his owner money. Every fan needs to buy this book to know when it makes sense to yell at the general manager."--Darren Rovell, CNBC Sports Business Reporter "This is an important book.
This Element is an excerpt from Stumbling On Wins: Two Economists Expose the Pitfalls on the Road to Victory in Professional Sports (9780132357784) by David J. Berri and Martin B. Schmidt.