Money greases the wheels of American politics from the local level to the White House. In the 2004 presidential campaign, President George W. Bush alone raised nearly $400 million in private and public funds—nearly twenty times the combined total raised by John Kennedy and Richard Nixon in 1960—to defeat challenger John F. Kerry, further fueling anxiety over the power of money to dictate political results.
Melvin Urofsky, one of our nation's most respected legal historians, takes a fresh look at efforts to rein in campaign spending and counter efforts in the courts to preserve the status quo. He offers a thoughtful and balanced overview of campaign finance reform and the legal responses to it, from the Progressive era through the Supreme Court's landmark ruling in McConnell v. FEC (2003) and its impact on the 2004 election.
Urofsky focuses especially on the 1971 Federal Election Campaign Act and 2002 McCain-Feingold or Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA), and on challenges to both in the Supreme Court. In Buckley v. Valeo (1976), the Court upheld contribution limits but struck down expenditure caps on First Amendment grounds. In McConnell it upheld the key provisions of McCain-Feingold. In both cases, however, opponents argued that congressional control of campaign financing was an unconstitutional infringement of the free speech rights of campaign contributors. Urofsky deftly steers the reader through this contentious and complex history, revealing how both Congress and the courts have navigated uneasily between the Scylla of potential corruption and the Charybdis of suppressing political speech.
Ironically, despite the Court's decision upholding McCain-Feingold, the 2004 presidential election was the most expensive in history—because, as Urofsky notes, money is the mother's milk of politics and both candidates and donors will always find ways to keep it flowing. His book provides an excellent and succinct guide to the controversies and historical debates emerging from that fact.
... Reginald 184 McKibbin , R. 65 , 217 , 247 , 272 , 273 , 284 Mackintosh , Alphonso 162 Macmillan , Harold 298-9 mains ( dicing game ) 21 managers 200-5 , 400 Masterman , C. E. G. 183 match betting 218 Matthews , Charles 180 Matthews ...
Mark A. Graber, Howard Gillman ... 2 In an introduction to a work subtitled Lessons from the Confederate Constitution that rarely refers to slaves or slavery, Marshall L. DeRosa declares, “the model of government embodied in the CSA ...
12. 1807 Yours of the 3d . Int has been duly received . " The opinions which you give touching the case of Lee & Coulson have been always mine , ever since I examined the case . I now enclose you a Copy of Murdocks deposition .
196. Id. at 813-16 (Scalia, J., dissenting) (citing Romero v. Int'l Terminal Operating Co., 358 U.S. 354 (1959); Lauritzen v. Larsen, 345 U.S. 571 (1953); Murray v. Schooner Charming Betsy, 6 U.S. (2 Cranch64)(l804)). 197. Id. at 8 1 7.
页末的这幅图片描绘了一个断头台的早期原型,名为“福尔布雷特”(字面意思是“下落的木板”)。在这个刑具中,没有锋利的(甚或金属的)刀片,通过迅速一击来使身首分离;相反,这个刑具只是由几块结实的橡木板构成。在锤击的作用下,厚钝的木板边缘可以砸烂受害者的 ...
1962年9月,美国司法部长罗伯特•肯尼迪主持召开“毒品滥用白宫会议”,开始从公众健康导向角度思考吸毒问题,尝试进行毒品贩卖者和毒品成瘾者之间的区分。1965年3月8日,约翰逊总统批准了《1965年药品滥用管制修正案》,对危险药品的非法使用进行严格管制, ...
Trial of the Chicago Eight (or Chicago Seven).
Papers of John Marshall: Vol. II: Correspondence and Papers, July 1788-December 1795, and Account Book, July 1788-December 1795
In its determination to preserve the century of revolution, Gale initiated a revolution of its own: digitization of epic proportions to preserve these invaluable works in the largest archive of its kind.
本书对古典私权一般理论的发展历程进行深入考察,包括考察其思想根源——盛行于17世纪末期至18世纪的德国自然权利义务理论;探究其对民法体系构造的影响,借此揭示潘得克吞式民法体系的形成原因与内在机理。