In the 19th century, women were pioneers; they migrated West across the Mississippi and had a major role in settling a new and hostile land. But they also were pathbreakers in the struggle against their inferior political and economic position. They were educators and suffragists, reformers and wartime nurses, artists and physicians. Women participants forged links with the major campaigns of the century: abolition, temperance, populism, socialism. Catherine Clinton deals with the great female leaders, including Elizabeth Cady Stanton, the Grimké sisters, and Victoria Woodhull. In addition, she chronicles the vital efforts of countless women who waged war not only in formal campaigns but also in their personal lives. Many appear rarely in traditional books: native Americans, prostitutes, poor women, black women, lesbians. Catherine Clinton has done an admirable job of placing women within the larger framework of the century's social history.--From publisher description.