At first glance, the Ford Foundation and the black power movement would make an unlikely partnership. After the Second World War, the renowned Foundation was the largest philanthropic organization in the United States and was dedicated to projects of liberal reform. Black power ideology, which promoted self-determination over color-blind assimilation, was often characterized as radical and divisive. But Foundation president McGeorge Bundy chose to engage rather than confront black power's challenge to racial liberalism through an ambitious, long-term strategy to foster the "social development" of racial minorities. The Ford Foundation not only bankrolled but originated many of the black power era's hallmark legacies: community control of public schools, ghetto-based economic development initiatives, and race-specific arts and cultural organizations. In Top Down, Karen Ferguson explores the consequences of this counterintuitive and unequal relationship between the liberal establishment and black activists and their ideas. In essence, the white liberal effort to reforge a national consensus on race had the effect of remaking racial liberalism from the top down—a domestication of black power ideology that still flourishes in current racial politics. Ultimately, this new racial liberalism would help foster a black leadership class—including Barack Obama—while accommodating the intractable inequality that first drew the Ford Foundation to address the "race problem."
In a simple, easy-to-understand style the author provides the reader with an understanding of the design philosophy of structured programming as well as the technical aspects of logic development. In...
For proteins larger than 50 kDa, unusually stable noncovalent tertiary structures in the gas phase have made difficult the tandem MS techniques inside the analyzer cell. Initial inhibition of tertiary...
Numerous methods for constructing sweaters also developed during the late 1800s, and it's probable that the top-down method was among them. There are examples to be found in early twentieth century publications, though they are rare ...
Scenarios one to four can be seen as a continuum from fast to slow change, from top-down to bottom-up leadership. Within these styles of leadership, in an everyday sense, leaders spend the majority of their time on two pursuits: ...
A key reference for knitters of all skill levels, this is the new essential knitting resource on your bookshelf.
3.14(b) Projected annual growth of solar electricity-generation percentage in Egypt for the first 36 years of a top-down VLS-PV programme, starting from 0 % during 2004–2008 (years 1 to 5), and reaching 78 % in year 36 43 3.14(c) Annual ...
Many scholars have noted the role of China's demand for silver in the emergence of the modern world. This book discusses the interaction of this demand and the early-nineteenth-century Latin...
This sounds like a great plan, but what really happened turned out to be a very upside-down battle. What made this battle upside down? Well, to begin with, most wars are initiated by men. This battle, however, was instigated by a woman.
Comparison of the Results with Data from Other Sources at the Hectare Level For the cities of Bistrita, San Sebastian, and Frankfurt, we compared the developed gross floor area (GFA) and heat demand (HD) density maps (top-down) with ...
Available at http://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/new-data-us-department-education-highlights-educational-inequities-around-teache Pearson, D. (2004). The reading wars. Educational Policy, 18, 216–252. Pearson, D. (2006). Forward.