In 1631, when the Dutch tried to develop plantation agriculture in the Delaware Valley, the Lenape Indians destroyed the colony of Swanendael and killed its residents. The Natives and Dutch quickly negotiated peace, avoiding an extended war through diplomacy and trade. The Lenapes preserved their political sovereignty for the next fifty years as Dutch, Swedish, Finnish, and English colonists settled the Delaware Valley. The European outposts did not approach the size and strength of those in Virginia, New England, and New Netherland. Even after thousands of Quakers arrived in West New Jersey and Pennsylvania in the late 1670s and '80s, the region successfully avoided war for another seventy-five years. Lenape Country is a sweeping narrative history of the multiethnic society of the Delaware Valley in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. After Swanendael, the Natives, Swedes, and Finns avoided war by focusing on trade and forging strategic alliances in such events as the Dutch conquest, the Mercurius affair, the Long Swede conspiracy, and English attempts to seize land. Drawing on a wide range of sources, author Jean R. Soderlund demonstrates that the hallmarks of Delaware Valley society—commitment to personal freedom, religious liberty, peaceful resolution of conflict, and opposition to hierarchical government—began in the Delaware Valley not with Quaker ideals or the leadership of William Penn but with the Lenape Indians, whose culture played a key role in shaping Delaware Valley society. The first comprehensive account of the Lenape Indians and their encounters with European settlers before Pennsylvania's founding, Lenape Country places Native culture at the center of this part of North America.
Defending the Lenape homeland -- Seeking peace in Cohanzick County -- Protecting liberty and property : the West New Jersey concessions -- Quaker colonization without violence or remorse -- Women, ethnicity, and freedom in southern ...
On July 28, 1797, an elderly Lenape woman stood before the newly appointed almsman of Pennsylvania’s Chester County and delivered a brief account of her life. In a sad irony,...
John L. Ruth tells the riveting, painful, haunting story of how "this very ground," the land on which he lives, was centuries ago taken from the Lenape of his area of Pennsylvania through a "crooked affair."
Penn interpreted their mode of living with understanding, sympathy and, on occasion, even wistful envy. This edition includes the texts of several early Indian treaties and related documents.
Told through the eyes of two young Lenni Lenape, Osprey and Songbird, this story follows their struggle into adulthood while they fight their way back from slavery to Osprey's home.
Here is a story of the Lenape Indians who lived in what is now New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania.
Describes the history of the Delaware Indians, their social life, religion, encounter with Europeans, and the Native Americans today.
See Susquehannock Indians Conewago Creek, 64 Conguegoes, 72 Connecticut Valley Indians, 43 Connejaghera, 65 Conner, Margaret Boyer, 151 Conner, Richard, 151 Connolly, John, 144, 145 Conodoguinet Creek, 113, 121 Conoy (also Ganawese or ...
"Denise Low recovers the life and times of her grandfather, Frank Bruner (1889-1963), whose expression of Lenape identity was largely discouraged by mainstream society."--Provided by publisher.
890 in A Guide to Manuscripts Relating to the American Indian in the Library of the American Philosophical Society , compiled ... Richard C. Adams , Legends of the Delaware Indians and Picture Writing , Washington , D.C. , 1905 , pp .