For more than four centuries, Europeans and Euroamericans have been making written records of the spoken words of American Indians. While some commentators have assumed that these records provide absolutely reliable information about the nature of Native American oral expression, even its aesthetic qualities, others have dismissed them as inherently unreliable. In Native American Verbal Art: Texts and Contexts, William Clements offers a comprehensive treatment of the intellectual and cultural constructs that have colored the textualization of Native American verbal art. Clements presents six case studies of important moments, individuals, and movements in this history. He recounts the work of the Jesuits who missionized in New France during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and textualized and theorized about the verbal expressions of the Iroquoians and Algonquians to whom they were spreading Christianity. He examines in depth Henry Timberlake’s 1765 translation of a Cherokee war song that was probably the first printed English rendering of a Native American "poem." He discusses early-nineteenth-century textualizers and translators who saw in Native American verbal art a literature manqué that they could transform into a fully realized literature, with particular attention to the work of Henry Rowe Schoolcraft, an Indian agent and pioneer field collector who developed this approach to its fullest. He discusses the "scientific" textualizers of the late nineteenth century who viewed Native American discourse as a data source for historical, ethnographic, and linguistic information, and he examines the work of Natalie Curtis, whose field research among the Hopis helped to launch a wave of interest in Native Americans and their verbal art that continues to the present. In addition, Clements addresses theoretical issues in the textualization, translation, and anthologizing of American Indian oral expression. In many cases the past records of Native American expression represent all we have left of an entire verbal heritage; in most cases they are all that we have of a particular heritage at a particular point in history. Covering a broad range of materials and their historical contexts, Native American Verbal Art identifies the agendas that have informed these records and helps the reader to determine what remains useful in them. It will be a welcome addition to the fields of Native American studies and folklore.
This book represents the complete range of verbal performances in a single Native American society.
But Timberlake seems to have had a bit more literary sensitivity - suggested by his translation of the Cherokee war song in his memoirs - than these earlier ...
"This is a book about poetry: about its sacred underpinnings, its broad presence in everyday life, and its necessity to the human community. Reading the Voice examines poetry's abiding importance...
Originally published in 1987, the aim of this book is to advance a fresh perspective on the presentation, philology, analysis, and interpretation of oral literature and verbal art.
Zuni. Coyote. Tales. WHY COYOTE HAS YELLOW EYES One upon a time Coyote lived at Coyote Spring. Every day, where the sagebrush grows he went around hunting cottontail rabbits and jackrabbits. Just as he tired out the one that he was ...
Essays in Native American Ethnopoetics Dell Hymes. 1 1894. Chinook texts . Bureau of American Ethnology , Bulletin 20. ... the British Columbia Indian Language Project , Indian myths and legends from the North Pacific Coast of America ...
This volume also includes translations of songs and stories.
... Verbal art Abstract : This chapter outlines some of the important linguistic and cultural issues concerning Native American verbal art . While not attempting to be exhaustive , this chapter does attempt to highlight a variety of verbal ...
TRANSLATING NAT LAT AMER VERBAL
His recently published manuscript reports its use: “When someone is bad sick, use a funnel to smoke and revive them” (Kindscher and Hurlburt 1998, 361). No indication of an association with spiritual causes for illness is given, ...