Economists have long sought to predict how macroeconomic shocks will affect individual welfare. Macroeconomic data and forecasts are easily available when crises strike. But policy action requires not only understanding the magnitude of a macro shock, but also identifying which households or individuals are being hurt by (or benefit from) the crisis. A popular solution is to extrapolate the welfare impact of a shock from the historical response of income or consumption poverty to changes in output, by estimating an 'elasticity' of poverty to growth. Although this method provides an estimate for the aggregate poverty impact of a macro shock, it has limited value for analysts and policymakers alike. Aggregate numbers are useful to capture the attention of policymakers and the international community, but in the absence of any information on who is affected and to what extent, provide little guidance on what actions need to be taken. This volume outlines a more comprehensive approach to the problem, showcasing a microsimulation model, developed in response to demand from World Bank staff working in countries and country governments in the wake of the global financial crisis of 2008-09. Starting with the idea of using simple macroeconomic projections as the 'macro linkages' to a micro behavioral model built from household data, the model was conceptualized, refined and tested in a diverse mix of countries: Bangladesh, Philippines, Mexico, Poland and Mongolia. The results fed into country policy dialogue and lending operations of Bank teams, as well as various reports, research papers and briefs.
Instant #1 New York Times Bestseller Listed as a Times Self-Help Book of the Year Discover the critical art of rethinking: how questioning your opinions can position you for excellence...
The introducers' passionate, provocative, and personal engagements with the spirituality and the language of the text make the Bible come alive as a stunning work of literature and remind us of its overwhelming contemporary relevance.
... or the same as for murder, murder itself becomes not such a big deal when in fact it is a big deal. So then you have people selling crack killing other people for crack because murder is less important than crack on the scale of law ...
Peter Hutton. There is not much you can do about the fact that a large proportion of staff do not feel that at work they 'have a best friend' or 'know what is expected of them' since you do not know to what they are referring. All you have ...
A witty attack on the illusion that the self is a separate ego that confronts a universe of alien physical objects.
... you are quiet and reserved , and another day you are angry and aggressive , people will tend to stay their distance because they will not know what to expect from you . People quickly determine the patterns of your behavior and surmise ...
Unfortunately, there are few or no relevant books on knowing yourself. Most of the books I came across when I wanted to know why most people do not know themselves, I found that they missed the truth completely.
Man 18:15 The merchants of these things, who were made rich by her, will stand far away for the fear of her torment, weeping and mourning; Man 18:16 saying, 'Woe, woe, the great city, she who was dressed in fine linen, purple, ...
And at least 10 percent of people with type I diabetes develop chronic thyroiditis (inflammation of the thyroid), which can become frank hypothyroidism. Conversely, I believe that hypothyroidism also contributes to glucose disorders.
... is considered dishonest, but the secret is that colleges generally do not know if you do it. Nevertheless, do not let your kid apply to more than one Early Decision. The basics: Early Decision is when you apply to one school exclusively ...