Since its inception over thirty years ago, affirmative action has been a difficult and divisive issue. Many Americans see affirmative action as an effective and just mechanism for helping the nation become more unified; others perceive it as a contradiction of the principles that work and ability will be rewarded and that the colorblindness presumed to be underlying the civil rights movement should apply to everyone. If a single American institution might have guided the country through the thicket of affirmative action, it is the U.S. Supreme Court. Yet, argues Lincoln Caplan, the actions of the Court have only created confusion for the lower courts and intensified discord in the country. Since 1978, when the Court handed down its best-known decision about affirmative action in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, it has ruled in a dozen cases about the subject, but it has failed to speak with a clear voice. Not one decision has been unanimous, many have been decided by a single vote, and the rulings usually involve a clutch of puzzling, contradictory opinions. Caplan explores the evolution of affirmative action law by the Supreme Court and demonstrates how this evolution is fundamentally at odds with the way that affirmative action has developed throughout America. Caplan shows that affirmative action programs, properly understood and implemented, remain an indispensable tool for ensuring civil rights and achieving a more integrated, prosperous America. And in fact, many institutions--businesses, universities, local police forces--have actually increased their affirmative action efforts out of their own self-interest.
Summarizes important legal cases dealing with the Constitution, judicial power, war powers, federalism, taxes, state economic regulation, due process, and executive power
Morris also sees that the great risks associated with selective incapacitation ... and Hain , 1982 ) ; Wright Williams and Kent S. Miller , “ The Role of Personal Characteristics in Perceptions of Dangerousness , " Criminal Justice and ...
See Ball , Rosen , Flueck , and Nurco , “ Lifetime Criminality of Heroin Addicts ” ; Ball , Shaffer , and Nurco , “ The Day - to - Day Criminality ” ; John W . Shaffer , David N . Nurco , and Timothy W . Kinlock , " A New Classification ...
A Reference Guide Donald E. Lively. stitution's meaning . ... The president's disappointment in Warren was not entirely warranted and was certainly not a basis for claimed betrayal . Eisenhower had nominated Warren as chief justice less ...
[iv/v] ISBN: 978-1-5791-1164-9 (eBook) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Andersen, Roger W. Skills & values—trusts and estates / Roger W. Andersen, Karen E. Boxx. p. cm. ISBN 978-1-4224-2698-2 (softbound) 1.
See , e.g. , Sterling v . Interlake Indus . , Inc. , 154 F.R.D. 579 , 587 ( E.D.N.Y. 1994 ) . However , where a party's failure to disclose experts is inexcusable , courts will take the " drastic remedy ” to exclude the experts .
Robson , R. ( 1992 ) . Lesbian ( out ) law : Survival under the rule of law . New York : Firebrand Books Publications . Schilt , R. , G.W. Lie , and M. Montague ( 1990 ) . Substance use as a correlate of violence in intimate lesbian ...
Collected Courses of the Academy of European Law
(Carl Heymann) 2004 KNOEPFLER François / SCHWEIZER Philippe / OTHENIN-GIRARD Simon, Droit internationalprivé suisse, 3e éd., Berne (Staempfli) 2005 KOCH Harald / MAGNUS Ulrich / WINKLER VON MOHRENFELS Peter, IPR und Rechtsvergleichung ...
Collison , Cathy , 23 Colwell , Alan , 197 Coulson , Noel J. , 104 , 108 , 120 , 156 Cunneen , Chris , 299–302 D ... 122 , 139 , 237 Davidson , Robert , 245–47 del Frate , Anna Alvazzi , 38 Deloria , Vine Jr. , 94 Devine , F. E. , 13-15 ...