It is unusual, in the precise world of law, to find instances of where ‘near enough is good enough’. This book explores when this is possible, referring to property and monetary transfers, under the increasingly important and influential cy-près doctrine. The doctrine decrees that, when literal compliance is impossible or infeasible, the intention of a donor or testator should be carried out ‘as nearly as possible’. Over the past thirty years, this doctrine has marched into other legal territory where ‘as near as possible’ is also considered sufficient, such as in class actions litigation and under non-charitable trusts. Discussing and analyzing key developments across the Commonwealth jurisdictions and the USA, this book considers whether there is a new and overarching definition which can be attributed to the cy-près doctrine. It asks whether there is a doctrinal symmetry of analysis that truly renders it a body of ‘cy-près law’ in the modern context and whether the doctrine can be expected to play an even greater role in the future. This book is of interest to researchers and practitioners working in trusts and charity law, property law, contract law, and class actions jurisprudence.
This modification is still more evident in two controversial recent cases: T Choithram International SA v Pagarani [2001] WLR 1 (PC) and Pennington v Waine [2002] EWCA Civ 227, [2002] 1 WLR 2075 (discussed in section 2(c)(4) of this ...
... law that transcends traditional approaches to law that presume distinct spheres of public and private law.11 Part 4 ... loose political ends in and around charity law and broader debates about ideology, public policy and the nature, ...
An examination of contemporary encounters between public law and private law from both theoretical and practical perspectives.
... cy-près doctrine has always been limited. 284 Charities Act 1993, s 74. 285 Ibid, s 75. 286 R Mulheron, The Modern Cy-près Doctrine, UCL Press, 2006, Chapter 6 and Chapter 10. 287 [1979] 1 WLR 278. 288 [1969] 1 Ch 373. 289 [1976] Ch 235 ...