The Principles of Chemistry Volume 1
- ISBN-10
- 1230213422
- ISBN-13
- 9781230213422
- Pages
- 340
- Language
- English
- Published
- 2013-09
- Publisher
- Theclassics.Us
- Author
- Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleyev
Description
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1897 edition. Excerpt: ... about 100 . In the laboratory the preparation of chlorine is carried on in flasks, heated over a water-hath, by acting on manganese peroxide and hydrochloric acid does give chlorine at a red heat, and this reaction may also take place at the moment of its evolution in this case. All the oxides of manganese (Mn2O-, MnO.j, MnOj, Mn207), with the exception of manganous oxide, MnO, disengage chlorine from hydrochloric acid, because manganous chloride, MnCl2, is the only compound of chlorine and manganese which exists as a stable compound, all the higher chlorides of manganese being unstable and evolving chlorine. Hence we here take note of two separate changes: (1) an exchange between oxygen and chlorine, and 12) the instability of the higher chlorine compounds. As (according to the law of substitution) in the substitution of oxygen hy chlorine, CL takes the place of O, the chlorine compounds will contain more atoms than the corresponding oxygen compounds. It is not surprising, therefore, that certain of the chlorine comiiounds corresponding with oxygen compounds do not exist, or if they are formed are very unstable, And furthermore, an atom of chlorine is heavier than an atom of oxygen, and therefore a given element would have to retain a large mass of chlorine if in the higher oxides the oxygen were replaced hy chlorine. For this reason equivalent compounds of chlorine do not exist for all oxygen compounds. Many of the former are immediately decomposed, when formed, with the evolution of chlorine. From this it is el ident that there should exist such chlorine compounds as would evolve chlorine as peroxides evolve oxygen, and indeed a large number of such compounds are known. Amongst them may be mentioned antimony pentachloride, ..
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