In this study the author approaches the realm of 'private religion' in Egypt some 3,300 years ago. The two broad research questions that frame this study are: What was the structure of the private religious landscape at Amarna (Central Egypt, on the Nile), and what were the ideas that shaped this landscape? The starting point is a corpus of objects and structures from settlement remains at one site, Amarna, the location of Egypt's capital for a brief period (c.350 - 330 BCE) towards the end of the Eighteenth Dynasty. At the height of its occupation, Amarna was the administrative, political and religious centre of Egypt. (Estimates of the city 's population at this time range between 20,000 and 50,000 people.) This publication is divided into three parts.Part I places the study in context. The history of the Amarna period, the layout of the site and its excavation history are summarized. Part 2 explores the issue of how to define private religion and identify its material remnants: the inventory of the material evidence - objects, architectural emplacements and buildings. It is hoped that the dissemination of this material will assist others researching similar topics, making available unpublished evidence from most of the main phases of excavation at the site. Part 3 explores the design, manufacture and acquisition of the material components of religion, and considers the forms of the conduct in which they were used. Also examined are the transcendental forces involved: the royal family and Aten, and 'traditional ' deities and spirits, including private ancestors. Part 3 also considers the shape of the religious cityscape, and the questions of who was participating in religion, and what was done with the material when it was no longer in use. The study concludes with a discussion of the motivating factors that underlay religious conduct, and which open a small window onto the ideas that shaped the religious landscape more broadly.
西域游历丛书集斯坦因1900-1901年、1906-1908年、1913-1916年三次中国西部探险考古资料于一体,共15册(第一次:1-3册,第二次:4-9册,第三次:10 ...
西域游历丛书中的《重返和田绿洲》《踏勘尼雅遗址》《路经楼兰》《从罗布沙漠到敦煌》《发现藏经洞》《穿越塔克拉玛干》六册,是《西域考古图记》的整理本,我社于2000年初 ...
One of the reds from Bolton , of which there were three different shades , was analysed qualitatively by K.W. Stephens from the London Institute of Archaeology in 1976.19 It was found to consist of mostly iron with a small percentage of ...
... social as well as economic significance , and the distinctions drawn by Karl Polanyi and his collaborators between reciprocity , redistribution and market exchange ( Polanyi , Arensberg and Pearson 1957 ) have been widely followed .
Nippur: Excavations of the Joint Expedition to Nippur of the University Museum of Philadelphia and the Oriental Institute of the...
Features Nonportable material remains such as building foundations , wells , graves , and landscaping elements are referred to as features . Archaeologists give special attention to features because they are so highly informative about ...
In a discussion of Neanderthals , Taylor ( 1927 , 136 ) remarked : From 125,000 B.C. perhaps to 25,000 B.C. Europe was occupied by these folk . They had large narrow heads ( cephalic index 73 ) with over - hanging brows and retreating ...
2001 : P. Bartl , S. Erdil , K. Franke , J. Heigermoser , F. Kierzek , R. Krvavac , S. Kunz , T. Kutzner und C. Vögeli . 2002 : E. Alvarez , S. Erdil , A. Gökser , K. Franke , J. Heigermoser , B. Öğüt , F. Sachs , M. Wild ...
Looks at the development of an active relationship between the public and ruins as to how they can be preserved and used.
In Archaeology in the Borderlands : Investigations in Caucasia and Beyond , edited by Adam T. Smith and Karen S. Rubinson , pp . 111-27 . Cotsen Institute of Archaeology , Monograph 47. Los Angeles : Cotsen Institute of Archaeology ...