Government and private-sector interest is growing in unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) for use in a variety of missions such as U.S. border protection, hurricane research, law enforcement, and real estate photography. However, UAS¿s can fly only after the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) conducts a case-by-case safety analysis. This report had these research questions: (1) What are current and potential uses and benefits of UAS¿s?; (2) What challenges exist in operating UAS¿s safely and routinely in the national airspace system?; and (3) What is the Federal government¿s response to these challenges? Includes recommendations. Illustrations.