By deploying armed air marshals onboard selected flights, the Fed. Air Marshal Service (FAMS), plays a key role in helping to protect 29,000 domestic and international flights operated daily by U.S. air carriers. This report examines: (1) FAMS's operational approach or "concept of operations" for covering flights; (2) to what extent this operational approach has been independently evaluated; and (3) the processes and initiatives FAMS established to address workforce-related issues. This report analyzed documented policies and procedures regarding FAMS's operational approach and a July 2006 classified report based on an independent evaluation of that approach. This report is the public version of a restricted report issued in Dec. 2008. Illus.