This issue of Endocrinology Clinics, authored by experts worldwide, provides essential updates about insulin-like growth factors (IGFs). The physiology is examined, including the latest in what we have learned from animal models as well as humans. The issue also covers IGFs and IGF system in the following: growth disorders; adipogenesis and obesity; muscle function and disease; bone; cancer; cardiac function and disease; normal and diseased kidney; peripheral nervous systems; gastrointestinal diseases; diabetes and metabolism; and IGF-1 central/degenerative diseases.
Vitamin D is a unique nutrient because its requirement is met from diet and skin. The dietary intake of vitamin D can be estimated from dietary food tables and is usually between 100 and 400 IU daily. Dietary surveys in North America in ...
issues.2 Patients may complain of depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and altered mental function or may present ... issues and cognitive impairment in PHPT patients even in the absence of overt neuropsychiatric disease.4 Data have ...
... calcium and/or active vitamin D is then needed, but even when calcium concentrations are normal and stable, episodes of hypocalcemia or hypercalcemia may occur, as pregnancy and lactation affect calcium and vitamin D metabolism.
Optimal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels for multiple health outcomes. ... Guidelines for preventing and treating vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency revisited. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012 ... Orwoll E, Ettinger M, Weiss S, et al.
Introduction to Pathophysiology provides an entrance to the science of pathophysiology and explains why it is important.
This book will take the reader behind the myths of GH and into the real world of clinical endocrinology. The contributions stem from recognized clinicians and scientists who have been working in the field for decades.
The chapters have been divided into four broad sections: I. Molecular biology of the IGF system; II. Bio logical actions of the IGFs; III. IGF physiology; and IV. Clinical aspects of the IGFs.
This revised new edition reviews the substantial advances in our understanding of the vital role of growth hormone (GH) in maintaining adult health, and the resulting disorders from GH deficiency.
CLINICS CARE POINTS Clinicians should obtain 2 separate morning total T levels drawn in the morning ... A full physical examination should include palpation of testicular size and a DRE. ... Williams textbook of endocrinology.
Mcintyre, S., Taitz, D., Keogh, J., et al. (2013). A systematic review of risk factors for cerebral palsy in children born at term in developed countries. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 55(6), 499–508.