Most history books make a joke of it, but Canada faced a serious military threat in the 1860s -- and came under multiple attacks by military forces based in the United States. It took the combined effort of British troops in Canada and the Canadian militia -- plus some good luck -- to repel the invaders and end the threat. The experience helped push Confederation to fruition in 1867. Cheryl MacDonald offers a fast-paced account of these events. Irish-Americans who had fought in the US Civil War emerged from that war with new military skills. There was widespread unemployment. Many Irish immigrants were fervent supporters of the Irish independence movement. Irish leaders saw an opportunity to cause problems for the hated British authorities -- and to bargain for Irish independence -- by using their new military prowess to attack Britain's North American colonies. Many expected Canadians to welcome a defeat of the colonial rulers. In this book, Cheryl MacDonald describes how the Fenians mounted their attacks into what is now Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick. Among the many colourful characters in her story are Canada's first spymaster, Gilbert McMicken, who organized a network of agents providing intelligence on the Fenians, and Thomas D'Arcy McGee, a one-time Fenian supporter who became a key colleague of John A. Macdonald -- until McGee's assassination in Ottawa by a Fenian sympathizer. In the background. playing an ambiguous role, were key American politicians. They were torn: many vigorously supported US expansionism, and saw Canada as the next addition to the Union after the successful addition of Florida, Texas, California, and Louisiana -- with Alaska to come in 1867. After the disastrous Civil War, they were not ready to go to war with Britain and face its overwhelming naval power and its naval bases in Halifax and Victoria. A Fenian success, however, promised a possible back-door way to annexing Canada or some of its parts -- the West and B.C., for instance. This book, which reflects the findings of recent scholarship on this tumultuous period, is a short, readable overview of the drama and conflict as Britain's colonies coalesced in the Canadian Confederation. These events place a different light on the atmosphere around the negotiations by politicians that led to the Confederation deal in 1866-67.
What's Behind the Push to Privatize Public Pensions Monica Townson, Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives. Chapter 6 Replacing the Canada Pension Plan with individual accounts hould we get rid of the Canada Pension Plan and force ...
In this book, the Celebrity Experts(r) showcased are in the vanguard of protecting data and sensitive information under threat - the threat of digital information being made available to unscrupulous sources, and at times just pure ...
Jack Phillips, Principal of K-5 Carpenter School in Old Bridge, also resents Governor Christie's rhetoric. “It's ridiculous,” admitted Phillips. “You know, why does he pick teachers, because the NJEA came out in opposition to his ...
Vivid watercolor illustrations capture the emotion and pathos of the tragedy making this an important book about an unforgettable day in American history.
Contributors to this collection are concerned with the strategic implications of anti-union tactics and ideas and explore the possibilities and challenges for unions intent on overcoming them for the benefit of all working people.
It is to your advantage to know in advance what to look for. In One Nation, Under Attack you will find a workable plan to help you protect your family and your future from the far-reaching economic devastation to come.
Drawing evidence from multiple cases and examples, Bourrie demonstrates how budget cuts have been used to suppress the collection of facts that embarrass the government's position or undermine its ideologically based decision-making.
Primary Colours Companion 2 is designed to be used alongside the international editions of Pupil's Book 2 and Activity Book 2 by Greek children (aged 7-9) in frontisteria and full...
Relates how American forces unsuccessfully attempted to capture Canada during the War of 1812, with details on battles at York, Fort George, Stoney Creek, and Beaver Dams.
Building Resilience Against Terrorism: Canada's Counter-terrorism Strategy