Conceptual separation of humans and natural ecosystems is reflected in the thinking of most natural resource management professions, including for estry, wildlife management, fisheries, range management, and watershed management (Burch 1971). Such thinking can deny the reality of the human element in local, regional, and global ecosystems (Bonnicksen and Lee 1982, Klausner 1971, Vayda 1977). As complex organisms with highly developed cultural abilities to modify their environment, humans directly or indirectly affect almost all terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems (Bennett 1976). Conse quently, information for managing watershed ecosystems is incomplete without consideration of human institutions and activities. Sociologists have studied the relationships between human societies and the land base or ecosystems on which they depend for over 60 years (Field and Burch 1990). These studies are distinguished by (1) a holistic perspec tive that sees people and their environments as interacting systems, (2) flex ible approaches that permit either the environment or human society to be treated as the independent variable in analyzing of society-environment re lations, and (3) accumulation of a substantial body of knowledge about how the future welfare of a society is influenced by its uses (or misuses) of land and water (Firey 1990).
An example can be found in quantifying the value of bird-watching opportunities. A survey of public willingness-to-pay, if not correctly worded or conducted, could lead the interviewee to believe that in the future an admission fee will ...
498 Part 3 Integrated Watershed Management also be incorporated into database management systems to facilitate interpretations of watershed characteristics in planning and managing a land and water resources (Habraken, 2000).
Watershed Management
This proceedings volume contains papers and extended abstracts presented at the International Conference on Sustainable Watershed Management (SuWaMa 2014).
The first volume in the two-volume set Sustainable Water Management and Technologies offers readers a practical and comprehensive look at such key water management topics as water resource planning and governance, water infrastructure ...
Assessment of stormwater best management practices effectiveness , in Innovative Urban Wet - Weather Flow Management Systems ( R. Field , J. P. Heaney , and R. Pitt , eds . ) , Technomic Publishing , Lancaster , PA .
Deals with the management of wildlands--the range, forest and alpine regions which are the major source of usable water in the U.S. Fulfills the needs of those with little or...
From the viewpoint of understanding the responses of watersheds to sprawl, this book addresses issues such as: how water bodies are linked to the land, what the horizon issues and problems are in watershed management, which surveying ...
We must enhance the effectiveness ofland stewardship and management of the world's natural resources to meet a growing global population's need for conservation, sustainable development, and use of land, water, and other natural resources.
Valhalla, NY: NYC DEP. NYCDEP. 1999b. Methodology for Calculating Phase II Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) of Phosphorus for New York City Drinking Water Reservoirs. March 1999. Valhalla, NY: NYC DEP.