This volume is concerned with the problems in probability and statistics. Ill-posed problems are usually understood as those results where small changes in the assumptions lead to arbitrarily large changes in the conclusions. Such results are not very useful for practical applications where the presumptions usually hold only approximately (because even a slightest departure from the assumed model may produce an uncontrollable shift in the outcome). Often, the ill-posedness of certain practical problems is due to the lack of their precise mathematical formulation. Consequently, one can deal with such problems by replacing a given ill-posed problem with another, well-posed problem, which in some sense is 'close' to the original one. The goal in this book is to show that ill-posed problems are not just a mere curiosity in the contemporary theory of mathematical statistics and probability. On the contrary, such problems are quite common, and majority of classical results fall into this class. The objective of this book is to identify problems of this type, and re-formulate them more correctly. Thus, alternative (more precise in the above sense) versions are proposed of numerous classical theorems in the theory of probability and mathematical statistics. In addition, some non-standard problems are considered from this point of view.
In Section 2 we will deal with the “discrete” case. Let S be a locally finite tree T endowed with the natural integer-valued distance function: the ...
... for in this case [yp](s)=s[yp](s), [yp](s)=s2[yp](s). As we will see in the examples, this assumption also makes it possible to deal with the initial ...
x,y∈S δ(x,y) is maximum. u(x) + ADDITIVE SUBSET CHOICE Input: A set X = {x1 ,x2 ... F Tractability cycle Test 8.2 How (Not) to Deal with Intractability 173.
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... partial differential equations have received a great deal of attention. For excellent bibliographical coverage, see Todd (1956), Richtmyer (1957), ...
Todd, P. A., McKeen, .l. ... ANALYTICAL SUPPORT PROBLEM SOLVING Cognitive Perspectives on Modelling HOW DO STUDENTS AND TEACHERS DEAL Sodhi and Son 219 NOTE ...