In 1969, an icebreaking tanker, the SS Manhattan, was commissioned by Humble Oil to transit the Northwest Passage in order to test the logistical and economic feasibility of an all-marine transportation system for Alaska North Slope crude oil. Proposed as an alternative to the Trans-Alaska Pipeline, the Manhattan made two voyages to the North American Arctic and collected volumes of scientific data on ice conditions and the behavior of ships in ice. Although the Manhattan successfully navigated the Northwest Passage—closing a five-hundred-year chapter of Arctic exploration by becoming the first commercial vessel to do so—the expedition ultimately demonstrated the impracticality of moving crude oil using icebreaking ships. Breaking Ice for Arctic Oil details this historic voyage, establishing its significant impact on the future of marine traffic and resource development in the Arctic and setting the stage for the current oil crisis.
Breaking Ice with Finesse: Oil & Gas Exploration in the Canadian Arctic
8 Coen, Breaking Ice for Arctic Oil, 34. 9 Ibid., 38. This equates to $161,104,538 in 2012 dollars. A.H.G. Storrs to Dr. Claude Isbister, March 5, 1969, LAC, RG 12, vol. 5561, file 8100-15-4-2, pt. 1. 11 Minutes of the 73rd meeting of ...
(Environmental Law Special Issue, edited by R.R. Churchill, J. Gibson and L. Warren). Also published contemporaneously as Law, Policy and the Environment, Oxford, Basil Blackwell, April 1991. 180. “Problems of Coastal Zone Management in ...
This oil, being accumulated in ice, undergoes practically no transformations and passes quite complete into the water during the ice melting and the breaking of fiows. The studies of the impact of oil spills in the Arctic [3–8] have ...
This book identifies accumulated environmental, social and economic effects of oil and gas leasing, exploration, and production on Alaska's North Slope.
Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment reviews the current state of the science regarding oil spill response and environmental assessment in the Arctic region north of the Bering Strait, with emphasis on the ...
The United States has enduring national and strategic interests in the polar regions, including citizens living above the Arctic circle and three year-round scientific stations in the Antarctic.
Ice, the magic crystal -- A brief history of ice on planet Earth -- The modern cycle of ice ages -- The greenhouse effect -- Sea ice meltback begins -- The future of Arctic sea ice the death spiral -- The accelerating effects of Arctic ...
The chapters in this volume result from a project undertaken by the Ocean Management Research Network that examines the nature of Arctic environmental evolution and sustainability.