Many countries, reflecting very different geographies, markets, and power systems, are successfully managing high levels of variable renewable energy on the electric grid, including that from wind and solar energy. This book documents the diverse approaches to effective integration of variable renewable energy among six countries: Australia (South Australia), Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Spain, and the United States (Colorado and Texas), and summarises policy best practices that energy ministers and other stakeholders can pursue to ensure that electricity markets and power systems can effectively co-evolve with increasing penetrations of variable renewable energy. There is no one-size fits all approach; each country has crafted its own combination of policies, market designs, and system operations to achieve the system reliability and flexibility needed to successfully integrate renewables. Notwithstanding this diversity, the approaches all coalesce around five strategic areas: lead public engagement, particularly for new transmission; co-ordinate and integrate planning; develop rules for market evolution that enable system flexibility; expand access to diverse resources and geographic footprint of operations; and improve system operations. This book also underscores the value of countries sharing their experiences. The more diverse and robust the experience base from which a country can draw, the more likely that it will be able to implement an appropriate, optimised, and system-wide approach.
Distributed Control and Cyber Security Issues in Microgrids presents a thorough treatment of distributed control methods and cyber security issues for power system researchers and engineers.
Figure 5-26 gives an example where Q1 = 0%Smax and either P1 = 100%Smax (blue curve) or P1 = 80%Smax (red curve). The reduction of the active power to P2 results in additional reactive power capacity of dQ. With a reduction of only dP ...
Taking on the major challenges that have impeded distributed energy's success, this book describes the roles development donors, social entrepreneurs, venture capitalists, the military, and the business world can play to make lighting the ...
If you are looking, though, the rate of change is breathtaking. I know this first hand because in the roughly three years we have been working on this book the landscape already has evolved dramatically.