This book examines the history of the European Scramble for Africa from the perspective of the Omanis and other Arabs in East Africa. It will be of interest not only to African specialists, but also those working on the Middle East, where awareness is now emerging that the history of those settled on the southern peripheries of Arabia has been intimately entwined with Indian Ocean maritime activities since pre-Islamic times. The nineteenth century, however, saw these maritime borderlands being increasingly drawn into a new world economy, one of whose effects was the development of an ivory front in the interior of the continent that, by the 1850s, led the Omanis and Swahili to establish themselves on the Upper Congo. A reconstruction of their history and their interaction with Europeans is a major theme of this book. European colonial rivalries in Africa is not a subject in vogue today, while the Arabs are still largely viewed as invaders and slavers. The fact that the British separated the Sultanates of Muscat and Zanzibar is reflected in European research so that historians have little grasp of the geographic, tribal and religious continuum that persisted between overseas empire and the Omani homeland. Ibadism is regarded as irrelevant to the mainstream of Islamic religious protest whereas, during the lead up to establishing direct colonial rule, its ideology played a significant role; even the final rally against the Belgians in the Congo was conducted in the name of an Imam al-Muslimîn. Back home, the fall out from the British massacre that crushed the last Arab attempt to reassert independence in Zanzibar was an important contributory cause towards the re-founding of an Imamate that survived until the mid-1950s.
与海豚共舞: 中英双语
A new cover look for this exciting adventure in the bestselling Animal Ark series.
Provides instructions for a variety of art projects that support topics in the geography and social studies classroom.
Geography, History and Civics: Standard Eight
should appear to act , exploiting accepted forms of conduct for the advancement and protection of his own power : MACHIAVELLI The Prince Of the qualities in respect of which men , and most of all Princes , are praised or blamed ...
He realized the risk : the kind of ruler ruthless enough to establish order was not likely to be the kind of prince willing to train the people in self - government . But in a peninsula divided into fifty to a hundred power centers ...
work of art , the creation of the prince who skillfully imposed a form of political order on the people , who served as the matter for his work . This kind of imagery indeed reflects the Renaissance preoccupation with defining the ...
Cornish , Samuel E. , 160 , 179 Correspondence ( Douglass ) , 201 Cortes , Hernan , 46 , 56 Corven , Philip , 79 Council of the Indies , 51 Covenants ( Pennington ) , 194 Craft , Ellen , 244 , 252 Craft , William , 244 , 252 Craft ...
Hughes, Thomas L. “Foreign Policy: Men or Measure?” Atlantic Monthly 234. (October, 1974): 53. Isaacson, Walter. Kissinger: A Biography. New York: Simmon and Schuster, 1992. Kalb, Marvin and Bernard Kalb. Kissinger.
In this rendering of Conrad's classic, we join colonial trader Marlow as he recounts his journey into the heart of Africa.