Wind farms are an essential component of global renewable energy policy and the action to limit the effects of climate change. There is, however, considerable concern over the impacts of wind farms on wildlife, leading to a wide range of research and monitoring studies, a growing body of literature and several international conferences on the topic. This unique two-volume set provides a comprehensive overview of the interactions between wind farms and wildlife, each volume dedicated to one of the two branches in the industry: Volume 1: Onshore, and Volume 2: Offshore. Each volume shares common themes and threads within a common framework; Part 1 documenting the current knowledge of the impacts upon widlilfe - the conflicts - and Part 2 providing a state-of-the- science guide to best practice to minimise or even eliminate impacts - the solutions. Volume 1: Onshore is divided into two parts: Part 1, Conflicts: Construction and operational effects includes chapters on the physical and chemical effects of wind farm construction; changes in micro-climate conditions and its effect during operation; the effect of wind farm construction on vegetation; terrestrial invertebrates; aquatic invertebrates and fish; reptiles and amphibians; birds; bats; and terrestrial mammals. Part 2, Solutions: Best practice, monitoring and mitigation includes chapters on spatial planning for wildlife; landscape and vegetation; vulnerable species; monitoring of and mitigating collision of birds and bats; plus a chapter dedicated to best planning and practice for the future. The authors have been carefully selected globally from the large number of academics and consultants now engaged in wind farm studies, for their influential contribution to the science. Each chapter includes informative figures, tables and photographs and detailed case studies. This book is designed for practitioners, researchers, managers and for a range of students in higher education, particularly those involved with environmental, ecological, conservation, impact assessment and climate change studies.