John Sassoon’s study of the written laws of four thousand years ago puts paid to the belief that the most ancient laws were merely arbitrary and tyrannical. On the contrary, the earliest legal systems honestly tried to get to the truth, do justice to individuals, and preserve civil order. They used the death penalty surprisingly seldom, and then more because society had been threatened than an individual killed. Some of the surviving law codes are originals, others near-contemporary copies. Together they preserve a partial but vivid picture of life in the early cites. This occupies more than half the book. Comparison of ancient with modern principles occupies the remainder and is bound to be controversial; but it is important as well as fascinating. The first act of writing laws diminished the discretion of the judges and foretold a limit on individual justice. Some political principles such as uniformity of treatment or individual freedom have, when carried to extremes, produced crises in modern legal systems world wide.
Are the 10 Commandments relevant today?
Our Law and its philosophy have been conceived for an economic world where the main source of wealth was material.
The poet Juvenal, for instance, described the virtuous man as a good soldier, faithful guardian, incorruptible judge and honest witness. This book is concerned with four central questions: Who made the law?
In Ancient Law and Modern Understanding Alan Watson proposes that ancient law is relevant and important for understanding history, theology, sociology, and literature.
This book gives an outline of the main features of the laws and their history, and ultimately focuses on certain themes that are significant to the modern reader, such as equity and fairness, transparent legal process and women's rights.
Jackson, Bernard S. 2000. Studies in the Semiotics of Biblical Law. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press. Jackson, Bernard S. 2006. Wisdom-Laws: A Study of the Mishpatim of Exodus 21:1–22:16. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
The Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian law code of ancient Mesopotamia, dating back to about 1754 BC. It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in the world.
... current problems.” Scalia sees this approach as an expression of judicial arrogance that all too often leads to the “discovery” of bogus new rights—such as the “right to privacy” that undergirds two decisions that Scalia loathes, Roe v ...
Crime and punishment, criminal law and its administration, are areas of ancient history that have been explored less than many other aspects of ancient civilizations.
(1991) “The Athenian Procedure of Phasis” in M. Gagarin, ed., Symposion 1990: Vorträge zurgriechischen und ... (2004) The Oratory of Classical Greece Vol. ... Millett, P.C. (1991) Lending and Borrowing in Ancient Athens, Cambridge.