"This is a timely, empirically solid, and theoretically sophisticated contribution to our understanding of one of Africa's recent 'small wars' ...[that] throws new light on the 'crisis of youth' in post-colonial Africa, provides a fascinating critique of the notion of 'child' soldiers, explores the ways in which youth internalise the external world in negative self-images, [and] deepens our understanding of 'civil war' in Africa." * Michael Jackson, Harvard Divinity School Through the concept of "social navigation," this book sheds light on the mobilization of urban youth in West Africa. Social navigation offers a perspective on praxis in situations of conflict and turmoil. It provides insights into the interplay between objective structures and subjective agency, thus enabling us to make sense of the opportunistic, sometimes fatalistic and tactical ways in which young people struggle to expand the horizons of possibility in a world of conflict, turmoil and diminishing resources. Henrik E. Vigh is a researcher at the Rehabilitation and Research Centre for Torture Victims in Copenhagen. He holds a Ph.D. from the Department of Anthropology, University of Copenhagen and has worked on issues of youth and conflict in both Europe and West Africa. He is currently researching undocumented West African migrants in Europe and the networks that they depend on, develop and are caught up in.
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A great deal of math is involved , and Miller and Todd experimented with a number of scenarios on how to determine mate value .
Acting-out adolescents are frequently unable to deal with symbolic ... Similarly, Todd (1985) argues that individual sessions with the teenager is an ...
Captures boys speaking out about drugs, sex, sports, violence, ambition, school, and other topics.
“ And the younger child gets the worst of the deal until he learns to defend ... instead of reprimanding Todd when she saw him angrily headed toward his ...
“ Todd took a phone to school but he didn't get it hooked up for two or ... on his own terms and keeping his parents out for a time was part of the deal .