For over two thousand years, China has viewed the Middle East as an extension of its vital Central Asian security buffer. Over the past four decades, China's foreign policy in relation to the Middle East has changed dramatically, and the last decade, in particular, has seen the sharp development of its economic and security interests. Relatively little has been written about the objectives and ideas that have shaped China's Middle East policy since 1949, and this book is the first major study of its kind. Historically, China's policy objective has been a Middle East free from outside interference. But recent changes in the international order - in particular the collapse of the Soviet bloc - have revealed the defects of this essentially passive approach. No longer able to play the role of the third power with whom governments can keep on good terms in order to 'threaten' Moscow or Washington, China has been spurred to a more active political involvement in the Middle East. The growth of Islamic political activism and claims of a common 'third world' identity have, in addition, provided a bridge between the two regions. Lillian Craig Harris presents a detailed and authoritative analysis of China's Middle East policy in its crucial historical perspective. She examines the influence of Islam in China, dissects the impact of modern China's attempts to offer itself as a political and economic 'model' for the Middle Eastern states, and identifies the barriers to a closer future relationship.
Anderson , F. W. “ Why Did Colonial New Englanders Make Bad Soldiers ? Contractual Principles and Military Conduct during the ... Andre , Louis , Michel le Tellier et l'Organization de l'Armee Monarchique . Paris : Felix Alcan , 1906 .
Holt, F.M., The Mahdist State in the Sudan, Oxford University Press, 1958. Holt, P.M., The Sudan of the Three Niles: The Funj Chronicle, Brill, London, 1999. Holt, P.M., and Daly M.W., A History of the Sudan, Pearson Education Ltd, ...
While the KM literature takes licence with Polanyi, it also seems to ignore Nonaka and Takeuchi's rejection ofthe idea that knowledge can be managed as opposed to created (see also Von Krogh et al. 2000).5 Von Krogh et al.
Woodrow Wilson Center Press.
Robert S. Litwak and Samuel F. Wells ( Cambridge : Ballinger , 1988 ) , pp . 67-71 , 74 . 14 Walt , Origins of Alliances , pp . 225-27 , and the studies cited there . 15 Ibid . , pp .
For example , the earliest classical philosophers , beginning with Plato , studied the role of culture in the governing process . While Plato did not have a conception of nationalism , or of a dynamic polity — including mobility and ...
... in the inspired Japanese press in support of extremist policies , the unconciliatory and bellicose public utterances of Japanese leaders , and the tactics of covert or overt threat which had 150 AMERICAN FRONTIER ACTIVITIES IN ASIA.
... covert , or semiformal — that were extended to the DPRK by Western governments in the kangsong taeguk period , we might well discover that the ratio of such outside assistance to local commercial earnings began to approach the scale ...
1155-57; and see J. Garry Clifford, "President Truman and Peter the Great's Will," Diplomatic History (Fall 1980): pp. 371-86, especially p. 381n38. 33. Polls cited in Walsh, "What the American People Think of Russia," pp.
This is the latest edition of a major work on the history of American foreign policy. The volume reflects the revisionism prevalent in the field but offers balanced accounts.