Today's planners use myriad tools and techniques to identify and protect what is special about their communities: historic preservation ordinances, improved sign controls, computerized viewshed protection regulations, tree-planting and landscaping requirements, tree-planting and landscaping requirements, cell tower controls, and more. As the level of preservation activity has increased dramatically, so has the number of court cases challenging aesthetic-based regulation. This report, an extensively updated and revised edition of PAS Report 399, will help land-use planners and citizens understand the law of aesthetics and the legal tools available to help their communities maintain their special features and sense of place. It covers design review, view protection, tree protection, sign controls, and telecommunications facilities, including major updates based on recent developments in the law and in planning practice. This report is cosponsored by Scenic America, a national nonprofit organization that works on preserve natural beauty and distinctive community character. It has helped citizens and public officials in communities nationwide protect their scenic heritage.