From 2004 to 2019, an unofficial dialogue between experts, policymakers, and military officials in China and the United States explored key issues in the bilateral nuclear relationship. Over 22 sessions, the two sides gained deeper understanding of the different national approaches to nuclear deterrence, nuclear arms control, and nuclear strategy more broadly. In 2020, the core groups from both countries met to take stock of what had been learned and to discuss options for next steps. This volume includes the discussion papers prepared by both sides for that event as well as a summary of key points.