Individual Differences in Resistance to Truth Decay: Exploring the Role of Reasoning and Cognitive Biases

ISBN-10: 1977408923
ISBN-13: 9781977408921
Category: Computers
Language: English
Published: 2022-06-15
Authors: Luke J. Matthews, Andrew M. Parker, Katherine Grace Carman

Description

In this report, the authors address one of Truth Decay's proposed drivers: characteristics of human cognitive processing, such as cognitive biases. The authors describe development of a survey measure that they used to examine characteristics of human cognitive processing (such as cognitive biases) and assess the results for individuals' resistance or susceptibility to Truth Decay. The authors focused on six Truth Decay measures: endorsement of scientific consensus, endorsement of verifiable facts, rejection of false conspiracy theories, distinguishing fact from opinion, willingness to accept expert recommendations, and philosophical positivism versus skepticism. The survey used six measures of cognitive biases and reasoning: numeracy, scientific reasoning, magical reasoning, availability bias, unjustified confidence, and ingroup bias. Generally speaking, greater resistance to Truth Decay on each of the six scales was predicted by greater numeracy, greater scientific reasoning, and less magical reasoning. Among the cognitive biases, greater availability bias was associated with greater susceptibility to false conspiracy theories but also greater trust in experts. Greater unjustified confidence by individuals in their own knowledge was associated with greater trust in experts. Ingroup bias was at times associated with greater susceptibility to Truth Decay (lower endorsement of scientific consensus and verifiable fact, lower philosophical positivism) and at other times associated with greater resistance to Truth Decay (rejecting false conspiracy theories, distinguishing fact from opinion). In terms of demographics, resistance to Truth Decay was most consistently associated with those who had a higher income, those who were White, and those who voted for Hillary Clinton in 2016.

Get the book

Similar books

Family History Digital Libraries
By William Sims Bainbridge
One named Sara and Timberlake had 11 male workers, 1 female worker, and 4 children workers, so it might have employed the Minor family.
Foundation Dreamweaver MX
By Craig Grannell, Jerome Turner, Matt Stephens
So here's what we need to do to arrive at our layout: s Create the main table to hold all the page elements. s Deal with the navigation area which is ...
Cisco CCNA Certification, 2 Volume Set: Exam 200-301
By Todd Lammle
This inclusive, two-book set provides what you need to know to succeed on the new CCNA exam. The set includes Understanding Cisco Networking Technologies: Volume 1 and the CCNA Certification Study Guide: Volume 2.
CompTIA Network+ Study Guide: Exam N10-006
By Todd Lammle
... you can use: –a –A –c –n –r –R –S –s All nbtstat switches are case sensitive. Generally speaking, lowercase switches deal with NetBIOS names of hosts, ...
CompTIA Network+ Study Guide with Online Labs: N10-007 Exam
By Todd Lammle, Jon Buhagiar
... you can use: –a –A –c –n –r –R –S –s All nbtstat switches are case sensitive. Generally speaking, lowercase switches deal with NetBIOS names of hosts, ...
CCNA: Cisco Certified Network Associate FastPass
By Todd Lammle
S The S reference point defines the point between the customer router and an ... with the letter E deal with using ISDN on the existing telephone network.
Stranger in the Chat Room
By Todd Hafer, Jedd Hafer
A sequel to In the Chat Room With God finds a group of teens contacted by a mysterious and increasingly malevolent character who claims to know about their encounters with the Almighty and challenges their beliefs. Original.
Error Correction Coding: Mathematical Methods and Algorithms
By Todd K. Moon
M M−1∑ k=0 −∞ ∞ k=0 The average energy per signal E s ∫ can be related to the ... we will deal primarily with additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), ...
Security+ Training Guide
By Todd King
... to deal with most , but unfortunately not all , of these potential threats . ... The S / MIME standard implements encryption for message content using ...
CCDA: Cisco Certified Design Associate Study Guide: Exam 640-861
By Todd Lammle, Andy Barkl
S reference point The S reference point defines the reference point between ... with the letter E deal with using ISDN on the existing telephone network.