Amino acids (AAs) are not only building blocks of protein, but are also signalling molecules as well as regulators of gene expression and the protein phosphorylation cascade. Additionally, AAs are key precursors for syntheses of hormones and low-molecular weight nitrogenous substances with each having enormous biological importance. For example, physiological concentrations of AA metabolites (e.g., nitric oxide, polyamines, glutathione, taurine, thyroid hormones, and serotonin) are required for cell functions. Growing evidence shows that humans and animals have dietary requirements for all proteinogenic AAs. Mammals, birds and fish also have species- and age-dependent needs for some AA-related substances. However, elevated levels of other products (e.g., ammonia, homocysteine, H2S, and asymmetric dimethylarginine) are pathogenic factors for neurological disorders, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular disease. Thus, optimal amounts of AAs and their ratios in diets and circulation are crucial for whole body homeostasis and health. Adequate provision of one or a mixture of functional AAs or metabolites may be beneficial for ameliorating health problems at various stages of the life cycle (e.g., fetal growth restriction, neonatal morbidity and mortality, weaning-associated intestinal dysfunction and wasting syndrome, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, the metabolic syndrome, and infertility). Dietary supplementation of these nutrients can also optimize the efficiency of metabolic transformations to enhance muscle growth, milk production, and athletic performance, while preventing excess fat deposition and reducing adiposity. Therefore, functional AAs hold great promise in improving the growth, health and well-being of individuals. Chapter 7 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
This book covers the biochemistry of amino acid metabolism in the context of health and disease.
This is the first volume in a 2-volume compendium that is the go-to source for both research- and practice-oriented information on the importance of branched chain amino acids in maintaining the nutritional status and overall health of ...
Amino acids and exercise: molecular and cellular aspects. In: The Molecular Nutrition of Amino Acids and Proteins (Dardevet, D., ed). Academic Press, San Diego, CA. pp. 67–78. McKnight, J.R., M.C. Satterfield, W.S. Jobgen, S.B. Smith, ...
Unit_I : Food And Nutrition Unit_Ii : Function Of Food Unit_Iii : Nutritional Biochemistry Unit Iv : Health Unit V : Food And Water Borne Infections
The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference, vol 4. St. Louis: Elsevier, 2008:183–8. 24. Beauchamp, GK, Cowart BJ, Mennella JA et al. Dev Psychobiol 1994;27:353. Rolls ET. The representation of flavor in the brain.
This book takes the latest in cutting-edge nutritional therapy research and makes it easy for everyone to understand. You'll learn how to improve your health, increase your strength, and gain more energy in everything you do.
This is the second volume in a 2-volume compendium that is the go-to source for both research- and practice-oriented information on the importance of branched chain amino acids in maintaining the nutritional status and overall health of ...
The seventh edition of this classic book has been entirely revised and updated by one of the leading professors of human nutrition in the UK. Written in a clear and easy-to-read style, the book deals with a wide range of topics, from food ...
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Includes metabolic maps for tracing nutrients from ingestion to incorporation and elimination; also additives, natural toxins, and food processings in relationship to health and disease.