This book offers a comprehensive and up-to-date understanding of legal and political progress toward the protection of the financial interests of the European Community. Historically, progress has been uneven due to the sectoral approach adopted. On the expenditure side of the EC budget, the most regulated area remains the EAGGF-Guarantee Section Fund.
By contrast, procurement fraud of the Structural Funds, sometimes involving corruption of officials, is rife in many Member States. On the income side, control of VAT rests mainly with the Member States. The near collapse of the transit system has made collection of duties more difficult, stimulating proposals for computerization of the transit system and improvements in Customs strategies. All Member States have experienced difficulties in recovering EC funds through irregularities: a case study is offered, comparing British and Danish approaches to recovery.
The author also describes and evaluates more far-reaching developments and prospects. An EC penal-administrative space has been created which some penalists regard as a fore-runner to a European Criminal Legal Space. Acknowledging both the attractions and difficulties inherent in such a project, the author focuses attention back to existing First Pillar competencies for EC fraud. For example in relation to VAT and excise regimes, the organisation of Customs, and recovery of funds, deeper integration would reduce criminal opportunities. The book concludes with a review of the Amsterdam Treaty from this perspective.
This book is designed for professionals, teachers, students, and researchers, especially those whose interest in EC institutions and law overlaps in the investigation of so-called `white collar crime'. However, the book should also be of interest to all those concerned with the integrity and development of the European Union in general.
Criminology / Delinquency BECOME GIRLS DELINQUENCY AND JUVENILE JUSTICE MEDA CHESNEY - LIND AND RANDALL G. SHELDEN GIRLS , DELINQUENCY , AND JUVENILE JUSTICE a Third Edition Internet for research through searches and activities .
Collected Courses of the Academy of European Law
... the statutory asylum provisions to disapprove of some Ninth Circuit precedents.25 REFERENCES For additional reading, see: Jessica B. Cooper, Environmental Refugees: Meeting the Requirements of the Refugee Definition, 6 N.Y.U. ENV.
J. Bollinger S.A. and Champagne Lanson père et fils Subject : Use of the word “ Champagne ” as part of the terms “ Champagne Cider ” and “ Champagne Perry ” Report : ( 1975 ) 2 CMLR 479 EEC Treaty : Article 177 ( 1083 ) UK .
The Life and Legal Writings of Hugo Grotius . Norman , Oklahoma : University of Oklahoma Press , 1969 . Evririades , Euripides . " The Third World's Approach to the Deep Seabed . " Ocean Development and International Law 11 ( 1982 ) ...
In recent years the impact of the United Nations on international relations has increased considerably. Ever since its instrumental role in the establishment of Namibia as a democratic, independent, sovereign...
本书分为上下两编。上编主要检讨中国国际私法的现状,提出并探讨了当代国际私法趋同化倾向正在加强的观点,并且界定国际私法趋同化的概念、含义和途径。下编则对统一国际私法的最重要的国际组织海牙国际私法会议的历史和工作成就进行全面地介绍和评价。
Lex Mercatoria and Arbitration: A Discussion of the New Law Merchant
Impact of Contract with America on the Territories: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Native American & Insular Affairs of the...
The History and Future of the World Trade Organization is a comprehensive account of the economic, political and legal issues surrounding the creation of the WTO and its evolution. Fully...