世界粮食安全 和营养状况 2021: 实现粮食体系转型， 保障粮食安全，改善营养， 确保人人可负担健康膳食
- ISBN-10
- 9251349878
- ISBN-13
- 9789251349878
- Category
- Nature / Natural Resources
- Pages
- 242
- Language
- Chinese
- Published
- 2021-10-08
- Publisher
- Food & Agriculture Org.
- Authors
- 联合国粮食及农业组织, 儿基会, 粮食署
Description
近年来，在多种主要因素的作用下，世界已无法实现到2030年消除饥饿和一切形式营养不良的目标。COVID-19疫情和相关防疫措施使得我们面临的挑战愈发严峻。本报告对2020年全球粮食不安全和营养不良状况进行了首次评估，并就疫情影响挥之不去的复杂背景下饥饿到2030年将呈现何种状况提出了一些看法。报告还对健康膳食的成本和经济可负担性做出新的估计，找出各项粮食安全和营养指标之间的重要关联并对其趋势进行了分析。总之，本报告突出说明有必要更加深入地思考如何更好地应对全球粮食安全和营养现状。 为了解饥饿和营养不良何以达到目前的严重程度，本报告回顾了以往四期报告的分析结果，这四期报告针对粮食安全和营养领域最新变化背后的主要因素积累了大量基于实证的知识。这些因素包括冲突、气候变异和极端气候、经济减速和衰退，无论是发生频率和严重程度都在不断上升，并在贫困和严重的长期不平等现象等深层因素推动之下进一步恶化。此外，世界各地大量民众因为无力负担健康膳食的成本，备受粮食不安全和各种形式营养不良的困扰。本报告在汇总相关知识的基础上，进行了更新并增加了新的分析，以便全面了解这些因素之间的相互作用以及对粮食体系产生的作用，同时了解它们如何给世界粮食安全和营养带来负面影响。 实证有助于我们深入了解如何摒弃单一的解决方案，转而采用综合性粮食体系解决方案。就此，本报告提出了转型途径，有针对性地应对主要因素带来的挑战，同时指出需要通过哪些类型的政策和投资组合来实现粮食体系转型，以保障粮食安全，改善营养，确保人人可负担健康膳食。本报告指出，虽然疫情造成了巨大破坏，但我们能从中了解到疫情中暴露出来的脆弱性和不平等现象。如果用心思考，我们就能利用这些新的启发和智慧，让世界重新走上正确的轨道，实现消除饥饿、粮食不安全和一切形式营养不良的目标。为此，本报告明确指出了所需的政策。
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