如何擬訂個別化教育計畫: 從特殊教育課程導入

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「個別化教育計畫」（IEP）是依據《特殊教育法》的規定，以實踐身心障礙學生個別化教育之目的。該計畫需從學生的特殊教育需求出發，以至少一學期的時間規劃其特殊教育介入和執行成效的評估，是一個教育目標的管理機制。「個別化教育計畫」包含「個別化教育計畫」會議和會議決議的書面文件兩部分，透過會議中的協調和溝通，教育工作者、相關專業服務人員和家長等人，將對學生新學期的特殊教育服務達成共識並簽名同意，以形成契約形式的「個別化教育計畫」之書面文件。「個別化教育計畫」在每一學期開始前召開的個案會議，著重在事先規劃，以預防問題的形成，此乃不同於輔導性質的問題發生後之後置處理方式。

「個別化教育計畫」也是特殊教育課程與教學的實踐者，透過計畫內容的學年和學期教育目標之敘述，可以預見學生在新學期所需要的各領域／科目之調整後的學習內容、評量方式、評量標準，以及特殊需求領域課程。「個別化教育計畫」亦如身心障礙學生在學習廣闊大海中的航海圖，可協助引領其航向成功的目標。

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