權民一體論: 遞進自組織社會

權民一體論: 遞進自組織社會
ISBN-10
986213738X
ISBN-13
9789862137383
Category
Law / Civil Rights
Pages
240
Language
Chinese
Published
2016-11-01
Publisher
大塊文化
Author
王力雄

Description

 大規模社會離不開間接溝通。本文將間接溝通結構對溝通的掌控視為權力。當間接溝通的結構不容民眾對其溝通,只按自身需要溝通民眾時,權力便與民眾分離,社會分成有權和無權二元,溝通樞紐成為當權者,權力為其私有。以往的政治思想大都默認權力是一種獨立存在,只考慮如何對其制約與馴化。本文則把消除權力與民眾的分離視為解決問題的根本,並提出實現權民一體的操作方法——遞進自組織,讓權力重歸溝通。 

【分章提要】 
■第一章 
社會的基本劃分是有權和無權;從組織角度可描述為「權組織+被組織」;權力的強制性主要不是出於強力,而是出於組織的程序性溝通。 

■第二章 
社會是一種溝通結構。因為直接溝通的範圍有限,大型社會需由多級「溝通樞紐」架設間接溝通的結構。權力源自溝通。「溝通樞紐」對溝通的掌握即是權力。 

■第三章 
本應服務於民眾的間接溝通結構,利用對溝通的掌控,不容民眾對其溝通,只按自身需要溝通民眾,權力由此與民眾分離,為當權者私有,溝通結構異化為權組織,民眾成為被組織的無權者。 

■第四章 
追求個人意志的滿足是人的基本性質,正義則是所有社會成員對這種追求的平等節制——即不扭曲他人的個人意志。只有自組織狀態下個人意志的向量求和能實現這種平等的節制。 

■第五章 
社會意志是所有社會成員個人意志的向量和。社會的基本性質是追求社會意志的滿足。但迄今尚無社會意志實現向量求和的結構,只有權力意志主導的數量求和結構。社會意志因此總是被權力意志扭曲。 

■第六章 
被扭曲的社會意志或是通過對權力意志施加壓力迫使權力進行調整,或是通過支持革命以強力更新權力,由新權力體現社會意志。這使得社會意志在總體上決定社會發展走向,然而無論壓力調整還是強力更新都存在滯後。 

■第七章 
代議制使得權力更新不再通過強力,但仍然是數量求和結構。權力意志可通過操縱代議制的數量求和扭曲社會意志;反之數量和的壓力又會迫使代議制縱容消費主義和民族主義。 

■第八章 
是否能讓社會意志無需通過壓力和強力,即可與權力意志無阻礙地溝通,從而使得社會意志無滯後地隨時實現? 

■第九章 
個人意志向量求和的方法是在經驗範圍内隨時選舉「和載體」。「和載體」再以遞進的層塊不斷求出更大的向量分和,最終求出社會意志。 

■第十章 
八條基本規則形成自動運轉和自我調節機制,可生長出遞進自組織社會。 

■第十一章 
遞進自組織讓權力從統治回歸溝通,實現逐層提煉理性的「遞進自治—遞進聯邦」。 

■第十二章 
遞進自組織可以解決代議制難以解決的Vetocracy(否決政治)、民族主義、消費主義。 

■第十三章 
用遞進自組織的方法實現遞進自組織本身,形成人類社會按照社會意志駛向未來的自動車。 

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