族群與國家: 六堆客家認同的形成（1683-1973）

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 「臺灣客家人的族群認同從何而來？」

本書採取歷史人類學的觀點，以六堆為研究對象，
重新思索近三百年來國家因素對臺灣客家族群認同形塑的影響。

六堆是臺灣歷史最悠久的客家聚落，也是桃竹苗地區之外的第二大客家聚居區。不過，「六堆」並不是一個可以在地圖上找到的地名，它其實是高雄市及屏東縣境內十二個鄉鎮的合稱。其地域名稱來自於清代當地人士組織的軍事性地域聯盟，至今還可清楚分辨不同地域的堆別。

本書採取歷史人類學的觀點與方法，試圖描繪及說明臺灣六堆地區的客家族群認同，如何經歷清帝國、日本到戰後中華民國三個不同政權的治理，在這近三百年的時 間中逐漸形成與演變的歷史。臺灣客語群體的地方文化和認同在清帝國統治時期，已與其祖籍地華南社會存在差異。在日本殖民統治之下，則使得臺灣「客家」的想 像逐步形成，只是更大程度和語言文化聯繫起來，血統色彩則較為淡漠。而血統色彩強烈的所謂「中原客家」族群觀念，則是在進入二戰末期以及戰後，才逐漸深入 臺灣社會。

本書特別著重在「族群」與「國家」之間的互動，作者在本書指出，國家既是行政治理的機構，同時也是文化理念的集合體，而族群意識的衍生和表達，深深地植根 於不斷變化的國家意識當中。它並不僅僅透過制度性因素表現出來，亦透過禮儀和象徵表現出來。不同國家政權治理下的禮儀和文化元素，如何在臺灣六堆巧妙地、 選擇性地納入歷史記憶的框架，成為晚近表達客家認同的方式，亦為本書的論述重心。

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