AI新世界（增訂版）

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從發明的年代，到實務應用的年代 AI歷經超過半世紀的發展，到了2000年代中期，出現「深度學習」這項重大技術突破。AI的力量首度可以應用在廣泛的真實世界問題，世界各地的研究人員、未來學者、科技公司執行長，全部開始談論AI的巨大潛力，包括辨識人類語言、辨識影像、預測消費者行為、放貸決定、機器視覺、自動駕駛等。 中國崛起成為AI強權，成為唯一與美國相抗衡的國家 過去三年，中國各地掀起一波AI熱潮，從科技界、商界、各級政府機關，一路延燒到北京幼兒園。中國創業家歷經「什麼都可以山寨」的年代，蒐集本土另類互聯網宇宙驚人的龐大數據，從大量抄襲複製中，培養出更具執行力的研發能力，設計出更符合市場需求的產品。當全中國的創業家、投資人、政府官員、年輕一代，甚至傳統父母，全部聚焦發展AI時，集結的力量足以撼動全世界。 北太平洋兩岸對峙的七巨人 AI七巨人包括：谷歌、臉書、亞馬遜、微軟、百度、阿里巴巴、騰訊，勢力平分秋色落於中美兩國。七巨人正在為AI時代鋪設大範圍的「電網」——私人控制的運算網絡，讓機器學習分布到整個經濟體系，自己則是扮演起「公用事業」的角色。他們的目標是要降低AI的專業門檻，提升雲端平台的功能性。 AI四波浪潮已經改變世界，即將衝擊全球經濟 AI目前大致上可以分成四波浪潮： （1）互聯網AI（Internet AI） （2）商用AI（Business AI） （3）感知AI（Perception AI） （4）自主AI（Autonomous AI） 在實體世界的應用包括：機器人報導、AI小額信貸、融合線上與線下的OMO、機器人、自駕車等，每一波浪潮運用AI的不同能力、顛覆了不同產業，都讓AI更深入我們的日常生活中。 罹癌經驗，悟出人類與AI共存的藍圖 就技術上而言，未來十五年內，美國有40％～50％的工作可被自動化。前方的挑戰十分巨大，所有人都必須認真看待。矽谷最常討論的技術性解方包括3R：再訓練、減少工作時數、重新分配所得，但都不能真正解決大量失業的問題。唯有從「人機協作」和「關愛型工作」的角度來調整工作，才能真正減輕AI對就業造成的巨大衝擊，並且讓人類發揮特有價值。

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