First published in 1921, On the Nature of Consciousness (Vom Wesen des Bewusstseins) is Ludwig Klages' attempt to deal with the science of consciousness, by which he means the doctrine of the nature and origin of consciousness. For Klages, the science of consciousness takes the place of what was conventionally called epistemology and opens up completely new perspectives for controversial epistemological questions. This is an English translation of Vom Wesen des Bewusstseins, published by Johann Ambrosius Barth, Leipzig, Germany, 1926.