Adaptation and the Origin of Species
- ISBN-10
- ISBN-13
- 9798672151076
- Category
- Adaptation (Biology)
- Pages
- 127
- Language
- English
- Published
- 2020
- Author
- Cody Keith Porter
Description
Over 150 years ago, Darwin proposed that adaptation to different environments was the primary cause of speciation. During the last few decades, a large amount of empirical evidence, across a wide range of taxa, has provided overwhelming support for Darwin’s central hypothesis. Indeed, adaptation to alternative environments is now considered a, if not the, main driver of speciation. Although the empirical link between adaptation and speciation is now well-established, there remain major gaps in our understanding of how adaptation drives speciation, particularly when diverging populations are not geographically isolated from each other. Here, I present three studies, each of which seeks to further our understanding of the mechanistic link between adaptation and speciation. In Chapter One, I use a meta-analysis to evaluate the relative contribution of reductions in maladapted immigrant survival and fecundity to reproductive isolation. In Chapter Two, I explore the role of cultural evolution in speciation in the face of gene flow based on a long-term dataset of Cassia crossbill (Loxia sinesciuris) vocalizations combined with field experiments. Finally, in Chapter Three, I test a classic hypothesis on the factors that promote sympatric speciation using observational and experimental field data on two sympatric ecotypes of the red crossbill (L. curvirostra).
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