Snyderman , M. & Rothman , S. ( 1988 ) . ... South , S. & S. Messner ( 1986 ) . ... M. Smith , M. Mann , C. Carlson , J. Kennedy , J. Sergeant , P. Leung , Y. Zhang , A. Sadeh , C. Chen , C. Whalen , K. Babb , R. Moyzis , & M. Posner .
One documentary even caught a vendor boasting that her barbed wire caused an inmate an injury that required over 600 stitches to repair (Segal 2015). Forced Labor in the Prison Today Prison labor is the practice that most closely ...
According to Anderson (1999), the code of the street emerges in predominantly African American inner-city areas where high rates of poverty, joblessness, violence, racial discrimination, alienation, mistrust of police, and hopelessness ...
The incarceration rate in 2016 was 459 persons per 100,000 persons in the U.S. population (Carson, 2018). Table 8.4 shows the incarceration rate of sentenced prisoners for the last decade. The numbers show a noticeable decline in the ...
Johnston, L. D., O'Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., & Schulenberg, J. E. (2007). Monitoring the future national survey results on drug use, 1975–2006. Volume I: Secondary school students (NIH Publication No. 07–6205).
Accessible and reader friendly, this comprehensive text shows students how race and ethnicity have mattered and continue to matter in the administration of justice.
"The Second Edition of the popular Race and Crime addresses two major goals.
Race and Justice: An International Journal, 5,307–329. Gladfelter, A. S., Lantz, B., & Ruback, R. B. (2017). The complexity of hate crime and bias activity: Variation across contexts and types of bias, Justice Quarterly, 34(1), 55–83.
Accessible and reader friendly, this comprehensive text shows students how race and ethnicity have mattered and continue to matter in the administration of justice.
This timely book offers a critical examination of issues in the headlines concerning racial bias, crime, and police violence.
Poverty , ethnicity , and violent crime . Boulder , CO : Westview Press . Relying on statistical trends and ethnographic research on violent crime and gangs , text explores implications surrounding causes of crime for national policy .
This book explains the notion of race, the types of crimes that result from racial hatred, and the methods used to fight and eliminate this worldwide problem.
... The rise and fall of a violent crime wave:Crack cocaine and the social construction ofa crimeproblem. Guilderland, NY: Harrow & Heston. Brunson, R. K. (2007). “Police don't like Black people”: AfricanAmerican young men's accumulated police ...